Limits of a rapid identification of common Mediterranean sandflies using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Azzedine Bounamous,Jérôme Depaquit,Véronique Lehrter,Leila Hadj-Henni,Jean-Claude Delecolle

doi:10.1590/0074-0276130584

Azzedine Bounamous, Jérôme Depaquit + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-0276130584

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Abstract

A total of 131 phlebotomine Algerian sandflies have been processed in the present study. They belong to the species Phlebotomus bergeroti, Phlebotomus alexandri, Phlebotomus sergenti, Phlebotomus chabaudi, Phlebotomus riouxi, Phlebotomus perniciosus, Phlebotomus longicuspis, Phlebotomus perfiliewi, Phlebotomus ariasi, Phlebotomus chadlii, Sergentomyia fallax, Sergentomyia minuta, Sergentomyia antennata, Sergentomyia schwetzi, Sergentomyia clydei, Sergentomyia christophersi and Grassomyia dreyfussi. They have been characterised by sequencing of a part of the cytochrome b (cyt b), t RNA serine and NADH1 on the one hand and of the cytochrome C oxidase I of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) on the other hand. Our study highlights two sympatric populations within P. sergenti in the area of its type-locality and new haplotypes of P. perniciosus and P. longicuspis without recording the specimens called lcx previously found in North Africa. We tried to use a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method based on a combined double digestion of each marker. These method is not interesting to identify sandflies all over the Mediterranean Basin.

Highlights

Algeria is a country where four leishmaniases are endemic
The leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum is transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies belonging to the subgenus Larroussius: Phlebotomus perniciosus, Phlebotomus perfiliewi [proven vectors according to Killick-Kendrick (1990)] and possibly Phlebotomus longicuspis (Izri et al 1990, Izri & Belazzoug 1993, Harrat et al 1996, Berdjane-Brouk et al 2012)
Leishmania tropica and Leishmania killicki are transmitted by the proven vectors Phlebotomus sergenti (Guilvard et al 1991, Boubidi et al 2011, Jaouadi et al 2012)

Summary

Introduction

Algeria is a country where four leishmaniases are endemic. The leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum is transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies belonging to the subgenus Larroussius: Phlebotomus perniciosus, Phlebotomus perfiliewi [proven vectors according to Killick-Kendrick (1990)] and possibly Phlebotomus longicuspis (suspected vector) (Izri et al 1990, Izri & Belazzoug 1993, Harrat et al 1996, Berdjane-Brouk et al 2012). Latrofa et al (2012) suggested to use mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b (cyt b) polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) as a rapid molecular identification of the common phlebotomine sandflies in the Mediterranean Region. The second one serves as a DNA barcode for the identification of animal species (Hebert et al 2003). It was used in a few studies carried out on phlebotomine sandflies to study taxa from the Americas (Arrivillaga et al 2002, Azpurua et al 2010), from North Africa (Boudabous et al 2009) and in India (Kumar et al 2012)

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