Abstract
In the present work, we derive a formalism that can be used to predict and interpret the time structure and achievable visibilities for two-photon interference (TPI) experiments using photons from two separate sources. The treatment particularly addresses photons stemming from solid state quantum emitters, which are often subject to pure dephasing and spectral diffusion. Therefore, it includes the impact of phase- and emission frequency-jitter besides the influence of differing radiative lifetimes and a relative spectral detuning. While the treatment is mainly aimed at interference experiments after Hong–Ou–Mandel, we additionally offer generalized equations that are applicable to arbitrary linear optical gates, which rely on TPI.
Highlights
Two-photon interference between indistinguishable photons is at the heart of key quantum technologies, such as linear optical quantum computing [1,2,3,4] and entanglement distribution within quantum repeater networks [5,6,7,8,9]
While the treatment is mainly aimed at interference experiments after Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM), we offer generalized equations that are applicable to arbitrary linear optical gates, which rely on two-photon interference (TPI)
While equation (8) is applicable to arbitrary input fields, we focus on single photons as emitted by solid state emitters in the scope of the present work
Summary
Two-photon interference between indistinguishable photons is at the heart of key quantum technologies, such as linear optical quantum computing [1,2,3,4] and entanglement distribution within quantum repeater networks [5,6,7,8,9]. In order to prepare available emitters for remote TPI applications in quantum devices, a quantitative understanding of their limits is essential To this point most experimental data were supported by theoretical models based on [32, 33]. Both formalisms investigate the HOM effect in the time domain, but have complementary scopes: The equations presented in [32] are derived for two arbitrary input fields based on the underlying single photon wave functions. We use the results to evaluate the achievable Bell-state fidelity, if the gate was operated with stateof-the-art quantum emitters
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