Abstract
Lignocellulosic waste is the extremely encouraging renewable feedstock for sustainable energy production and fine chemicals. Lignocellulosic biomass is structurally a complex mixture of the various compounds. Lignocellulosic biomass is not hydrolyzed to product like glucose or other simpler sugar. The hydrolysis of the lignocellulosic biomass yields hexoses and pentoses sugar, various by-products like organic acids, carbon dioxide, plant fiber, and lignin residues. The concept of biorefinery or circular bioeconomy is upsurging solution to make profit and maximal utilization of the lignocellulosic waste. The valorization of lignin and cellulose fractions into energy or fine chemical is depending on the usefulness of discerning depolymerization of the pretreatment scheme which usually involves harsh pyrolytic and solvothermal practices aided by corrosive acids or alkali. The existing solution to valorize lignocellulosic biomass is enzymatic hydrolysis due to its less energy necessity and fewer extent of pollution caused, but the major constraint is the low availability of cellulose due to its stiff association with lignin. So, to develop an efficient biorefinery or circular bioeconomy system which is commercially viable and fulfill upcoming expectation in converting lignocellulosic substrates into fuels. The conclusive aspects in a feasible lignocellulose biorefinery system will be the substrate availability and raw material supply. Devoted tools to care the application of advanced technologies and make the market acceptance of new stuff will be desirable to hasten the evolution.
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