Abstract
One ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [Emim][Ac] and four acetate-protic ionic liquids (PILs), ethanolammonium acetate [Eth][Ac], diethylenammonium acetate [DiEt][Ac], propylammonium acetate [Prop][Ac], and pyrrolidinium acetate [Pyrr][Ac], were employed to extract lignin from Kraft black liquor (BL). Under atmospheric pressure and at 368 K, the total lignin extracted was 75.3 ± 3.4% (wt%) when using [Eth][Ac] in a 20:1 (w/w) [Eth][Ac]:BL ratio and a reaction time of 270 min. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) were employed to characterize the extracted lignin. Gel permeation chromatography revealed that molecular weights of 2283±67 g mol−1 and 1892±122 g mol−1 were measured for the lignin extracted using [Eth][Ac] and [Prop][Ac], respectively. The kinetics of lignin extraction were examined for a 270 min. reaction time period at three different temperatures. The lowest activation energy (Ea = 6.5 kJ·mol−1) was affiliated with [Prop][Ac]. The PIL with the maximum total lignin extracted, [Eth][Ac], was regenerated using vacuum distillation, and the lignin extraction ability of the regenerated solvent was found to be equivalent to the fresh solvent.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
