Lignin and Activity Enzymatic in Susceptibility to Weathering Damage on Soybean Seeds

Elisa De Melo Castro,Rucyan Walace Pereira,Fabiano França Da Silva,João Almir Oliveira,Heloísa Oliveira Dos Santos,Édila Vilela De Resende Von Pinho,Amador Eduardo De Lima,Marcus Vinicius Prado Alves

doi:10.5539/jas.v11n11p203

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the isoenzyme activity in soybean seeds with different lignin contents subjected to harvest delay with artificial incidence of rainfall before and after storage. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replicates and a 5 &times; 3 &times; 2 factorial design, being five soybean cultivars, three harvest seasons (R8, R8 + one pre-harvest rainfall simulation, and R8 + two pre-harvest rainfall simulations), and two storage seasons (0 and 180 days). The pre-harvest rainfall simulations were performed through irrigation at the intensity of 30 mm of water until the pods were soaked and then collected after reached 18% water content. Seeds were evaluated regarding chemical composition (lignin content), physiological quality (germination, accelerated aging), and enzymatic activity (catalase, esterase, alcohol dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and isocitratelyase). The cultivar AS 7307 RR showed higher lignin content in the integument and higher physiological quality. The harvest delay and the artificial incidence of rainfallpromotesvariation in the electrophoretic pattern of the enzymes catalase, esterase, alcohol dehydrogenase; malate dehydrogenase, and isocitratelyase for stored and non-stored seeds.

Highlights

Soy is one of the most economically important crops for Brazil
One of the main causes that undermine the quality of soybean seeds is moisture damage during the physiological post-maturity period, in which seeds are exposed in the field, since seeds are hygroscopic and have their moisture content conditioned to the relative humidity of the environment, besides being sensitive to exposure to alternating cycles of high and low humidity during the pre-harvest period (Huth et al, 2016)
Seeds were threshed with the aid of a thresher with a drum beater and packed in a paper bag and sent to the city of Lavras, MG, where they were stored for 180 days under ambient conditions in the Seed Processing Unit at the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA)

Summary

Introduction

Soy is one of the most economically important crops for Brazil. companies producing soybean seeds have sought genotypes that are more tolerant to the exposure of climatic storms in order to obtain high quality seeds.In the soybean production process, it is recommended to harvest at the closest possible moment of physiological maturity. According to Ferreira et al (2015), at the stage near physiological maturity, seeds have a high level of vigor and high water content and these facts involve the improvement of post-harvest techniques. The intensity of damages caused by environmental effects in any seed development stages is variable according to genetic factors inherent of each cultivar (Huth et al, 2016). One of the main causes that undermine the quality of soybean seeds is moisture damage during the physiological post-maturity period, in which seeds are exposed in the field, since seeds are hygroscopic and have their moisture content conditioned to the relative humidity of the environment, besides being sensitive to exposure to alternating cycles of high and low humidity during the pre-harvest period (Huth et al, 2016)

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