Abstract
It is already known that there are many factors responsible for the successful formation of a graft union. However, the role of light has been little studied. In an anatomical study, Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) was used to explore the effects of different light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on graft union formation in grafted tomato. In addition, the expression genes related to Auxin hormone signaling pathway (SAUR67, AUX1, ARF30, and LAX3) was investigated. The obtained results showed that the concrescence process occurred faster under R7:B3 light conditions, as compared to blue (B) and white fluorescent (WFL) lights. Red light application caused a delay in the vascular tissue differentiation, which may lead to callus development on both sides, causing junctional failure and resulting in ineffective graft junctional arrangement. The expression of genes related to Auxin hormone significantly increased by R7:B3 application. We suggest that LED spectra affects the graft development of tomato plants and can improve the performance of grafted tomato seedlings.
Highlights
It is already known that there are many factors responsible for the successful formation of a graft union
To better understand the developmental processes occurring at the graft intersection and the extent to which the light spectra influence the success of the grafting process, we examined the genes expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) from RNA libraries from tomato hypocotyl in the graft unions at 0, 3, 7, 11, and 20 days (Fig. 2d,h,l,p) after grafting in biological replicates for each tissue at each time point
In the first phase of graft union formation, the intimate contact of the graft tissues of root and scion stem is brought together, and the parenchyma cells begin to regenerate to interlock, root and scion stem
Summary
It is already known that there are many factors responsible for the successful formation of a graft union. Successful grafting requires specific environmental conditions during the acclimatization process (matrix healing). To ensure good healing and acclimatization of the grafting matrix, control of the microclimate of the grafted plants is essential. It is very difficult to control the environmental conditions during grafting of plants under normal conditions Many countries such as China, Japan and Korea have developed acclimatization chambers for better growth of union matrix and successful grafting of vegetables. Others, reported that, some plant hormones, e.g. auxins, are involved in the growth of plant vascular tissue by promoting cell division, elongation and development, and can be synthesized in the plant b ody[8]. Light is a unique abiotic factor involved in the lateral transport of hormones (auxins) within the plant body[9]. Almansa et al.[13] reported that the grafting ability of macadamia was affected by the amount of carbohydrates in the scion
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