Abstract
The issue of rogue wave lifetimes is addressed in this study, which helps to detail the general picture of this dangerous oceanic phenomenon. The direct numerical simulations of irregular wave ensembles are performed to obtain the complete accurate data on the rogue wave occurrence and evolution. Purely collinear wave systems, moderately crested, and short-crested sea states have been simulated by means of the high-order spectral method for the potential Euler equations. As rogue waves are transient and poorly reflect the physical effects, we join instant abnormally high waves in close locations and close time moments to new objects, rogue events, which helps to retrieve the abnormal occurrences more stably and more consistently from the physical point of view. The rogue event lifetime probability distributions are calculated based on the simulated wave data. They show the distinctive difference between rough sea states with small directional bandwidth on one part, and small-amplitude sea states and short-crested states on the other part. The former support long-living rogue wave patterns (the corresponding probability distributions have heavy tails), though the latter possess exponential probability distributions of rogue event lifetimes and generally produce much shorter rogue wave events.
Highlights
Rogue waves are one of the most intriguing natural phenomena in the sea and have received much attention in the recent years
The direct numerical simulation of primitive hydrodynamic equations is considered nowadays as an appropriate approach to avoid the drawbacks of in-situ experiments and to obtain precise data on realistic waves in fully controllable conditions, e.g., [8,9,10,11,12,13,14]
The lifetime of extreme events is one of the wave characteristics that is difficult to measure in situ, though may be straightforwardly estimated based on the direct numerical simulations
Summary
Rogue (or freak) waves are one of the most intriguing natural phenomena in the sea and have received much attention in the recent years. The lifetime of extreme events is one of the wave characteristics that is difficult to measure in situ, though may be straightforwardly estimated based on the direct numerical simulations. The issue of lifetimes of rogue waves that occur in numerical simulations of irregular unidirectional water waves was addressed in the research [18,19]. The sea state was relatively moderate, with a realization from the series A0, characterized by the JONSWAP spectrum with the peakedness γ = 3, the dominant wave period Tp = 10 s, and the significant wave height. In very recent numerical simulations of directional deep-water waves [22], the maximum registered lifetime of rogue events was limited by 30 wave periods. The wave data are obtained in direct numerical simulations of deep-water waves governed by the potential hydrodynamic equations restricted to the accounting for the four-wave nonlinear interactions. Results of the numerical simulations of directional waves are collected in Section 4, while the conclusions are collected in the subsequent section
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
