Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to insulin irregularities. It is frequently accompanied by difficulties in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Despite the significant loss of life and resources associated with DM, management remains insufficient. This management typically involves pharmacologic interventions and lifestyle modifications (LSM). However, a majority of patients and caregivers tend to disregard LSM in the management of type 2 diabetic patients. Objective: To assess lifestyle modification practice and associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients in selected North Shewa Public Hospitals, Oromia, Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in North Shewa Zone public hospitals among 407 randomly selected type 2 diabetic patients from September 1 to November 30, 2022. Data were collected using a structured and pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire entered into Epidata version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 24 for statistical analysis. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were done using SPSS. Results: The overall magnitude of good lifestyle modification practice among type 2 diabetic patients was 41.5 % [95% CI: (36.7, 46.3)]. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis attending secondary, college and above education (AOR = 3.73, 95% CI: 1.56–8.92) and (3.995% CI: 1.71–8.90), respectively, urban dwellers (AOR = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.65–6.17), respondents who had no diabetic related comorbidities (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.85–5.44), and patients who got LSM education (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.44–3.92) were significantly associated with good lifestyle modification practice. Conclusion: The prevalence of poor lifestyle modification practice was observed in more than fifty per cent of the patients. LSM practice was good among high educational levels, urban dwellers, those not having diabetic comorbidities, and those with diabetic LSM education.
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