Life Cycle Impact Assessment on Electricity Production from Biomass Power Plant System Through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Method using Biomass from Palm Oil Mill in Indonesia

Kiman Siregar,Ichwana Ichwana,Nobel Christian Siregar,Intan Sofiah,Achmadin Luthfi Machsun,Roy Hendroko Setyobudi,Sholihati Sholihati,Syafriandi Syafriandi,Rizal Alamsyah,Try Miharza,Olga Anne,Syukri Muhammad Nur,R Hendroko Setyobudi,R Kala Mahaswa,T Turkadze,J Burlakovs,P Soni

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202018800018

Abstract

New energy and renewable widely available in Indonesia. One of them is the biomass that can be used with gasification technology. Biomass is an organic matter to which derived from biological materials. This research was used integration gasification system with a gas engine, which works more properly with CO, and H2. The advantage of this biomass power plant compared the environmental impact on other types of plants such as coal-fired power plants, diesel power plants, etc. Therefore the potential of environmental impacts was generated, it is necessary to calculate quantitatively through the life cycle assessment methods. This research aimed to calculate impact assessment on electricity production from a Biomass Power Plant system through a life cycle assessment with boundary cradle to grave in Indonesia. The study revealed that greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of electricity production from an empty fruit bunch palm oil mill was 0.15 kg CO2-eq kWh–1. The gas engine was the highest GHG emission contributor during its life cycle. Empty fruit bunch as a source of biomass for electricity production was considered as climate-friendly power plant system due to its potential in reducing GHG emission from palm oil production and released lower GHG emission.

Highlights

Indonesia has a huge number of renewable energy sources, like biomass
In order to reduce the waste capacity from an empty fruit bunch and to obtain the potential energy, this biomass from an empty fruit bunch should be utilized for electricity production through a biomass power plant system
This study is branded with a “cradle to grave” life cycle assessment, which is from material acquisition namely land preparation until electricity production through biomass power plant system to consumer and the end-of-life. ii

Summary

Introduction

Indonesia has a huge number of renewable energy sources, like biomass. Installed capacity power plants Indonesia 53 585 MW, where the potential energy biomass is the largest of renewable sources of energy that owned by Indonesia [1]. The oil palm EFB is one of the high carbon content biomass, which is currently used as a combustion boiler fuel with very low efficiency. In order to reduce the waste capacity from an empty fruit bunch and to obtain the potential energy, this biomass from an empty fruit bunch should be utilized for electricity production through a biomass power plant system. The gasification of biomass allows the production of a biosynthesis gas or ‘bio-syngas”, consisting primarily of CO, CO2, H2, CH4, N2, LHV and tar component [8]. It produces solids (such as char, ash) and condensable products like tars and [9].

Research boundaries and assumptions

Processing empty fruit bunch into gasifier

Source data and problem formulation

Findings

Life Cycle Impact Assessment