Abstract
This study provides new insights on the phylogenetic position of the lichenicolous fungal genus Abrothallus based on six molecular markers (nuSSU, nuLSU, mtSSU, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF-α). In a broad-scale analysis, we detected high support for inclusion of the genus within Dothideomycetes. A further analysis provided support for Abrothallus as a member of the subclass Pleosporomycetidae as a sister group of Jahnulales, an order of aquatic Dothideomycetes. Given the exclusive characters of this group of apotheciate fungi within the Dothidiomycetes, a new monotypic order Abrothallales is here introduced together with the new family Abrothallaceae. In a multi-locus analysis (based on the six loci indicated above plus ITS) restricted to 12 putative Abrothallus species, two clearly separated clades were observed: one comprising species growing on lichens of the families Parmeliaceae and Ramalinaceae, and the second including species that live on lichens of the order Peltigerales and the family Cladoniaceae.
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