Abstract
Li in-diffusion and out-diffusion processes in LiNbO3 crystals, when treated in Li2CO3 powder, were investigated through second harmonic generation phase matching temperature measurement using a YAG laser. After annealing at 600°C for more than 52 hours in Li2CO3, in-diffused Li ions caused a slight decrease in the ordinary refractive index near the surface of the polished LiNbO3 substrate. These samples showed a large decrease in extraordinary refractive index after being annealed at 1050°C in air. Wrapping the LiNbO3 substrate in platinum foil to prevent direct contact with the Li2CO3 powder was found to be a successful method to suppress Li out-diffusion without surface degradation.
Published Version
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