LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL FEATURES OF ADJECTIVES IN THE RUSSIAN AND TURKISH LANGUAGES

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to describe the lexico-grammatical and functional features of Russian and Turkish adjectives in order to identify facts that can optimize some of the difficulties in mastering words of this part of speech when studying Russian and Turkish languages. The object of the research is Russian and Turkish adjectives. The subject of study is a comparative aspect in the functioning of Russian and Turkish adjectives from the point of view of their lexical-semantic, word-formation and grammatical features. As a result of a comparative study of Russian and Turkish adjectives using the descriptive method and methods of lexical-semantic, word-formation, syntactic, morphological, paradigmatic analysis, the following conclusions were drawn. The main similarity between Russian and Turkish adjectives is manifested in their functioning as an attribute. Intralingual systematization of Russian and Turkish adjectives has significant differences. In the Russian language, possessive adjectives are distinguished semantically and formally, thecorrespondences of which in Turkish are perceived as a semantic variety of relative adjectives. In the Russian and Turkish languages, there are fundamental differences in adjectives in formal marking. Russian adjectives are marked by adjective inflections and are associated with nouns by agreement in gender, number, case and animateness / inanimateness, causing part of speech stability. Turkish adjectives usually do not have formal parts of speech signs, they are adjacent to nouns by parataxis due to meaning and position. Turkish adjectives show morphological «flexibility», acquiring, as communicativenecessity, a different part of speech essence: in other syntactic positions they become nouns, adverbs.