Levelized cost of storage (LCOS) analysis of BESSs in Romania

Abstract

Storage systems represent one of the key solutions for improving the reliability of electricity networks as there is an increase of intermittent electricity generated especially by photovoltaic (PV) systems. The cost and performance are the main elements considered in choosing the suitable storage system. As the price for every kWh injected into the network and battery energy storage system (BESS) costs are dynamic, the household and industrial consumers who want to integrate a battery in their PV system may have difficulties choosing between the commercially batteries available on the Romanian market. This study presents a different approach for identifying the most profitable battery technology used by household and industrial consumers as storage systems. A market research was conducted to determine the available battery technologies and their technical performances. This paper examines the effect of subsidies offered within the Romanian programs that promote the integration of storage systems in renewable-based energy systems. The levelized cost of storage (LCOS) method and the sensitivity analysis performed indicate that the lead-carbon battery is the most feasible solution. This investigation provides valuable up-to-date information for household and industrial consumers in their decision-making process.