Abstract
The purpose of the present experiment was to evaluate the effects of visual stimulus intensity, visual degradation, stimulus-response compatibility, and practice on vocalization latency in a letter-naming task. By means of a factorial design, 12 college students each received all treatment combinations across each of 3 days. Analysis of variance showed that each of the four manipulations had a significant effect on mean letter-naming time, but no two-factor or higher order interaction was significant. Error rate was affected only by degradation. Using the logic of the additive factor method, the data are consistent with Sanders’ (1983) four-stage model of visual character identification in which recognition intensity, degradation, compatibility, and practice affect serial stages corresponding to preprocessing, feature extraction, response choice, and motor adjustment operations. When the less restrictive assumptions of McClelland’s (1979) cascade model are applied, the data permit the inference of multiple processes and support the conclusion that at least three hypothetical components represent information processing in the task.
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