Mixing location-relevant and irrelevant tasks: Spatial compatibility effects eliminated by stimuli that share the same spatial codes

Abstract

If compatible and incompatible mappings of left-right stimuli to left-right keypresses are mixed such that participants must maintain both task sets, the typical stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) effect is eliminated. Four experiments examined whether the SRC effect is influenced similarly by inclusion of trials on which stimulus location is irrelevant. The SRC effect for the location-relevant trials was eliminated in Experiments 1 and 3 when those trials shared left-right codes with the location-irrelevant trials. The SRC effect was not eliminated in Experiments 2 and 4, in which the location-relevant stimuli varied along the left-right dimension but the location-irrelevant stimuli were presented in the centre of the screen or in top-bottom locations. The Simon effect for the location-irrelevant trials in Experiments 1 and 3 was positive when the location-relevant mapping was compatible and reversed when it was incompatible. The results are generally consistent with an alternative-routes model, according to which a direct response-selection route is suppressed when compatible trials are mixed with location-irrelevant trials. Repetition analyses suggest that this suppression does not vary on a trial-to-trial basis.