Abstract
For more than two decades, water on the mountains of western Cameroon has become an increasingly high stakes agricultural and societal resource. This situation is due to the development of speculative crops with high economic value by rural and neo-rural populations along with diversification aimed at responding to the reinforcement of inter- and intraseasonal climatic variation. In spite of the efforts of market gardeners and livestock grazers to adapt their production systems to water shortage, neighbourhood conflicts have multiplied between these consumers. It is especially in the dry season (from December to February), a period of low water level in rivers and worsened by specific dryness that the conflicts for the access and the use of water intensify. This situation appears paradoxical since this zone not only has enormous hydrological and hydric potential but equally has the most drained and watered slopes of the region with more than 2 000 mm of rainfall per year on the Bamboutos mountain slopes. These conflicts lead to the destruction by Fulani grazers of goods belonging to market gardeners. As a solution to these recurrent conflicts, the local authorities have developed ruling strategies according to the nature of the conflicts and the rights claimed.
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