Les Dispositions de la Jurisprudence Islamique concernant les Dhimmis. Etude de certaines questions

Abstract


 The historical Islamic state establishes a relationship between it and its citizens and religious subjects from religious minorities on tolerance, righteousness, mercy, justice, equality and other moral principles, provisions and teachings that safeguard human communication in spite of the difference of Religions and Sects. The article spoke through the introduction that the presence of Christians in the Arabian Peninsula was a normal, not an incident, which required special treatment for this social and religious group, which lives and shares many security, financial and social matters with Muslims.
 The article shed light on the Dhimmis, in particular, those who were satisfied with living and settling in the Islamic state, and who accepted that Islam and its Shari’ah law would rule over them and their masters, and they condemned its rulings with both humility and obediance and this will not be achieved for them unless they accept taxation and the supremacy of the Islamic state, so they can aquire citizenship, and the Sharia law showed through the texts of the Holy Coran and the Sunnah. the rules of the relationship between them and the Muslims .they shall not be harmed or wage upon any kind of war and sedition, To those who failed to comply, they would have no righteousness and all connection shall be severed and rights will be suspended.
 Through the article, we explained what the dhimmis must abide by, including submitting to the jurisdiction of the Islamic judiciary and be judge by it, and avoiding defamation or redicule to Muslims regarding their religion, their messenger, and the holy Qur'an , or their rulings with criticism , as well as withdraw all kinds of offenses and abominations in the Islamic state such as nudity, or drinking alcohol,eating pork ,erecting without permission worship temples and churches, etc. and other provisions
 Through the article, I referred to a number of the rights of the dhimmis, including their call to God and to convert to Islam, and their permanent residence in the Islamic state in exchange for their protection and insurance, and they pay taxes in exchange for the safety contract. I also referred to the principle of equality with Muslims in many rights, and allowing them to assume public functions other than those required by Islam, to the legislation that guarantees them freedom of opinion, belief and the performance of rituals, and prevents and forbids hurting them and undermining their dignity. And avoid their injustice, whether in their souls, money or symptoms, as well as charity and other forms of social activties such as sales,deals, purchase, leasing and other provisions and issues that the legal texts talked about were dealt with juristic opinions.