Abstract

This article presents the findings of a major study aimed at better determining the identity of social economy organizations. More than thirty studies were carried out among three types of organizations—community associations, cultural organizations and worker cooperatives—providing different points of entry (actors, activity and status) for identifying the internal dynamics at work. Through a socio-economic perspective, a picture can be drawn of the social and solidarity economy on the borders of the household, artisanal, for-profit and public sectors of the economy. The criteria for belonging to the social economy are examined from various angles—the socio-political objectives, socio-economic activities, collective entrepreneurship, types of mutualization, and social utility. Based on the criteria, enterprise profiles are identified in each group. Supporting their argument with numerous examples, the authors illustrate the wide diversity of the social and solidarity economy.

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