Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type 2 which may be reduced by practicing regular physical activity. Objective: To assess the leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of older adults with MetS and without MetS. Methods: Cross-sectional study of older adults (55–80 years old) from Balearic Islands (Spain) with MetS (n = 333; 55% men) and without MetS (n = 144; 43.8% men). LTPA was assessed with the validated Spanish version of the Minnesota LTPA Questionnaire. Two criteria of physically active were used: >150 min/week of moderate physical activity or >75 min/week of vigorous physical activity or a combination of both, and total leisure-time energy expenditure of >300 MET·min/day. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics, anthropometric variables, MetS components, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) were also measured. Results: MetS subjects showed lower energy expenditure in LTPA, lower adherence to the MD, higher obesity and waist circumference, and were less active than non-MetS peers. LTPA increased as participants got older and there was higher LTPA intensity as educational level increased. Adherence to MD was as high as LTPA was. Conclusions: MetS is associated with physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. To increase LTPA recommendations and raise awareness in the population about the health benefits of PA and high adherence to MD is highly recommended.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex of interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) [1], responsible for two-fold increase in coronary heart disease risk, cerebrovascular disease risk, and 1.5-fold increase in all-cause mortality risk [2]
According to the second criterion, it is important to note that adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) increased in the MetS group as much as the energy expenditure in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and the percentage of active participants did
MetS subjects in our study showed higher levels of light-moderate physical activity (PA), but lower vigorous PA than a previous study in Despite that total and light-moderate PA of MetS subjects showed no differences between sexes, vigorous PA of male MetS subjects showed higher LTPA
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex of interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) [1], responsible for two-fold increase in coronary heart disease risk, cerebrovascular disease risk, and 1.5-fold increase in all-cause mortality risk [2]. MetS prevalence is rising worldwide, which largely relates to an increasing inactive lifestyle, inadequate nutrition, ageing of population, and obesity [1,3]. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type 2 which may be reduced by practicing regular physical activity. Objective: To assess the leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of older adults with MetS and without MetS. Results: MetS subjects showed lower energy expenditure in LTPA, lower adherence to the MD, higher obesity and waist circumference, and were less active than non-MetS peers. Conclusions: MetS is associated with physical inactivity and unhealthy diet
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