Dynapenic obesity as an associated factor to lipid and glucose metabolism disorders and metabolic syndrome in older adults – Findings from SABE Study

Abstract

There is little evidence showing that dynapenic obesity is associated with lipid and glucose metabolism disorders, high blood pressure, chronic disease and metabolic syndrome. Our aim was to analyze whether dynapenic abdominal obesity can be associated with lipid and glucose metabolism disorders, high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in older adults living in São Paulo. This cross-sectional study included 833 older adults who took part of the third wave of the Health, Well-being and Aging Study in 2010. Based on waist circumference (>88cm women and >102cm men) and handgrip strength (<16kg women and <26kg men), four groups were identified: non-dynapenic/non-abdominal obese (ND/NAO), abdominal obese alone (AOA), dynapenic alone (DA) and dynapenic/abdominal obese (D/AO). Dependent variables were blood pressure, lipid profile, fasting glucose and glycated-haemoglobin, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations between dynapenia and abdominal obesity status and lipid and glucose metabolic profiles, blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. The fully adjusted models showed that D/AO individuals had higher prevalence of low HDL plasma concentrations (OR=2.51, 95%CI: 1.40-4.48), hypertriglyceridemia (OR=2.53, 95%CI: 1.43-4.47), hyperglycemia (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.14-3.69), high glycated-haemoglobin concentrations (OR=1.84, 95%CI: 1.03-3.30) and metabolic syndrome (OR=12.39, 95%CI: 7.38-20.79) than ND/NAO. Dynapenic and D/AO individuals had higher prevalence of heart disease (OR=2.05, 95%CI: 1.17-3.59 and OR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.06-3.48, respectively) than ND/NAO. D/AO was associated with high prevalence of lipid and glucose metabolism disorders and metabolic syndrome while dynapenia and D/AO were associated with high prevalence of heart disease.