LEGAL VALUE OF WOMEN IN UKRAINE DURING THE MIDDLE AGES

Abstract

This article examines the content of the legal value of women in Ukraine during the Middle Ages. It is proved that the idea of the value of women in Ukraine in the XI – first half of the XIV century was based on theocentrism with marked anthropological and axiological elements. It was found that the content of different types of legal status of women is characterized by equality of personally free groups to which women belonged, giving her broad personal and property rights, value of her life, honour, dignity, freedom, high social and legal status of women. It is substantiated that the understanding of the value of women in Ukraine in the second half of the ХІV – first half of the ХVІІ century compared to the notions of her value in the previous days evolved towards the dominance of anthropocentrism with axiological elements. It is established that the transition from the first ideas about the legal value of women in the XI – first half of the XIV century to its understanding in the second half of the XIV – first half of the XV century was influenced by both Renaissance ideas and ideology of privileged segments of the population. Understanding of the legal value of women in this period was clearly reflected in the legal status of various groups. It is proved that the understanding of the value of women in the second half of the ХVІІ–ХVІІІ centuries was based on anthropocentrism in combination with axiological elements. At the same time, in the second half of the ХVІІ–ХVІІІ centuries, the structural components of anthropocentrism changed and the notion of the “reasonableness” of the individual came to the fore. It is substantiated that the transition from understanding the legal value of women in the second half of the ХІV – first half of the ХVІІ century to understanding the concept of “legal value of women” in the second half of the ХVІІ–ХVІІІ century was influenced by a number of factors: ideas of the Enlightenment, humanism, some of which were reflected in historical and legal notes, legal customs of the Ukrainian people, which enshrined the love of freedom, equality, social justice, the ideology of the privileged sections of the population, which became the dominant state of society in the late ХVІІ–ХVІІІ centuries.