Legal status of judges of the supreme Administrative tribunal of the Republic of Poland 1922-1939 y.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the historical-legal aspects of the requirements for candidates, appointment, job rights and responsibilities of judges of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal of the Republic of Poland 1922-1939, guarantees of their independence, dismissal and disciplinary liability. Socio-political reasons and preconditions for the formation and change of the regulatory framework for the legal status of judges of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal are highlighted. Its staff consisted of the first head, chairmen and judges.
 Only persons with legal education could become the first head, chairmen and judges of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal. Also, at least half of the judges had to have judicial qualifications. The specific number of chairmen and judges was not defined by the law of 1922, so it changed as needed. In justification of the government’s draft law on the Supreme Administrative Tribunal, a proposal was made that the number of its judges should not exceed 30. In 1927, this number was slightly exceeded - 33 judges of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal worked.
 The problems of personnel selection for the first composition of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal of the Republic of Poland and measures to solve them are described. The legal status of disciplinary courts in relation to judges of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal is highlighted. Judges of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal exercised their powers indefinitely, but could be transferred to another position or dismissed by the state leadership.
 The influence of the presidential order «Law on the structure of general courts» of 1928 on the legal status of judges of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal has been clarified. The increase in the requirements for holding the position of a judge of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal on the basis of a presidential order of 1932 was analyzed. At the same time, this act reduced the required number of members of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal with judicial qualifications to at least one third.