Legal regulation of public control over the activities of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies: Experience of Ukraine and certain countries

It is emphasized that domestic law enforcement agencies occupy a central place in the implementation of law enforcement activities. With the aim of researching the legal perspective ways of improving the administrative and legal support of the activities of law enforcement agencies, the author carried out an analysis of law enforcement activities, including the violation by law enforcement agencies and their officials of the rights and freedoms of people and citizens, the norms of current domestic and international legislation, as well as various circles scientists who in their writings explored the prospects for improving the activities of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. It is emphasized that as a result of the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the introduction of the martial law regime and the associated socio-economic crisis, the unequal approach to the regulatory and legal regulation of the status and the organizational and legal support of the activities of law enforcement agencies, along with other factors, have a negative impact on protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens, the fight against crime and the security of the state, which in turn puts forward demands for ways to improve the activity of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine under the introduction of the martial law regime. Attention is drawn to the fact that many domestic jurists have researched the problematic issues of law enforcement agencies. The works of individual legal scientists who studied the activities of domestic and foreign law enforcement agencies and who proposed various ways to improve the activities of domestic law enforcement agencies are briefly presented. Based on the analysis of scientific works, it was established that the majority of scientists are concerned about the current state of law enforcement agencies and point to the need to build a model of a law enforcement agency system that would be able to ensure the rights and freedoms of people and citizens guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. It was concluded that the considered issues lead to the formation of an effective legal mechanism for improving the administrative and legal support of the activities of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine, and specific proposals for improving their activities are offered.

The subject of the study is the conceptual, theoretical, empirical and methodological foundations of overcoming corruption risks in the activities of law enforcement agencies in the conditions of economic integration. Methodology. General and specific methods of knowledge were used in the research process. The dialectical method was used to study the nature of corruption at the legal and economic levels of its manifestation. The analysis created the conditions for a multifaceted study of all the characteristic features of corruption, corruption risk and corruption risk management in the context of economic integration. The synthesis created the conditions for generalising the characteristics of the above categories in the legal and economic fields. The formal legal method allowed to correctly interpret the content of normative legal acts that determine the general, special and local legal regime of corruption risk management in the activities of law enforcement agencies in the conditions of economic integration. The purpose of the article is to identify the economic and legal foundations of corruption as a socio-economic and legal phenomenon, as well as corruption risks and their management in the activities of law enforcement agencies, at a theoretical and empirical level. The results of the study showed that measures to overcome corruption risks in the activities of law enforcement agencies are components of the process of their management, which have the appropriate differentiation, organisational, legal and socio-economic basis. Conclusion. Corruption as a social, economic and legal phenomenon has a number of causes, including political, economic, legal, organisational and socio-psychological. Corruption causes corresponding negative phenomena in the development of the economy both at the national and global, international level. Taking into account the position of international and Ukrainian legislation, the study of the nature of the risk of corruption was conducted, as a result of which the categories of assessment and management of the risk of corruption were distinguished in favour of the latter. The positive results of improving the legal regulation of corruption risk management were noted. Based on the results of the study of the content of corruption risks and the process of their management, proposals for amendments to the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention of Corruption" were made. It was concluded that the phenomenon of overcoming corruption risks in law enforcement bodies represents a system of appropriate measures, which can be divided into the following groups: 1) general; 2) special; 3) local. General measures are defined within the framework of the general provisions of the current international and domestic legislation, which applies to all subjects in the field of anti-corruption legal regulation, in particular to officials of state authorities. Special ones reflect the specifics of such measures within the limits of the respective law enforcement agency, which is reflected in the content of the anti-corruption programme for the respective period. Local ones appear within the framework of the relevant law enforcement body (police), which is mediated by the anti-corruption programme of this particular body.

Based on the research of scientific opinions, the new administrative-legal doctrine, the analysis of domestic and international legislation, the article examines the key fundamentals of administrative-legal support for the activities of law enforcement agencies. Considering the fact that domestic law enforcement agencies and their officials have constant relations with citizens in their activities, it is emphasized that modern principles of administrative law should play an important role in these relations, which is the purpose of the work. The methodological basis of the work is the provisions of the modern theory of scientific knowledge of legal and social phenomena. In the course of writing the article, general philosophical, general scientific, logical and special legal methods of scientific knowledge were used. The main international principles and standards that determine the content of the activities of law enforcement agencies in international agreements ratified by Ukraine are highlighted. Based on the analysis of the legislation, the modern principles of the National Police, as one of the leading law enforcement agencies of the state, are considered. An important place is given to the characteristics of foreign legal acts aimed at ensuring and protecting the rights of citizens by law enforcement officials. For this purpose, international legal acts, which are one of the main sources of legal regulation of relations arising in the activities of law enforcement agencies, were analyzed. They establish the norms and principles of behavior of an official of a law enforcement agency for the performance of professional activities in relations with citizens and the rules of conduct binding on them in specific conditions of law enforcement activity. The need to introduce special principles of administrative law into the activities of law enforcement agencies is substantiated. On this basis, the following special principles have been researched, substantiated in detail and recommended: the principle of ensuring trust; the principle of ensuring human rights; the principle of providing access to information technologies; the principle of ensuring the confidentiality of information. These principles correspond to the domestic administrative-legal doctrine, international standards and principles, legal relations of officials of law enforcement agencies, which can be an important direction of the new administrative-legal doctrine of law- enforcement agencies.

The article is devoted to the study of the state of public oversight over the activities of law enforcement agencies in Ukraine. The analysis of current national legislation is carried out, and deficiencies in legal regulation that hinder the effective implementation of public oversight are identified. It is stated that Ukraine currently lacks a normative legal act that clearly regulates the mechanism for exercising public oversight over the activities of law enforcement agencies, which complicates the practical implementation of such oversight. Attempts by parliamentarians to adopt a separate document on the matter have failed, while contemporary challenges, including the introduction of martial law, create additional obstacles to the exercise of public oversight over law enforcement agencies in Ukraine. The authors substantiate the necessity of adopting a separate normative legal act on public oversight of law enforcement agencies, specifically a law titled “On Public Oversight of the Activities of Law Enforcement Agencies of Ukraine”, which would define clear procedures enabling civil society actors to monitor the activities of law enforcement officers. The authors emphasize that the proposed law should outline mechanisms for exercising public oversight under martial law conditions and identify funding sources for such activities. Proposals are made to establish independent agencies tasked with overseeing the activities of law enforcement agencies, including the police, prosecution, and other bodies engaged in law enforcement. These agencies would aim to identify potential abuses, unlawful benefits, and human rights violations. They should be empowered to accept and review citizen complaints against law enforcement actions, investigate cases of misconduct or improper performance of duties, and develop recommendations for improving law enforcement practices, including changes to policies, procedures, and staff training. The authors note that many citizens are unaware of their rights and the opportunities and mechanisms for overseeing law enforcement activities. In this regard, the importance of conducting information campaigns to raise public awareness about public oversight of law enforcement agencies is substantiated.

Having declared a firm and irreversible course for European integration, Ukraine continues to increase the pace of bringing its national law enforcement system to modern world and European standards, which is, in turn, a positive and very important indicator of the state's development in a democratic direction. The main guidelines in this process, in addition to national, historical and legal traditions, should be international legal standards that allow building Ukrainian statehood and its legal system openly and transparently in interaction with foreign and international law, by borrowing and using modern progressive foreign legal concepts , doctrines, ideas, generally recognized international principles, norms, standards.
 The implementation of international legal standards into the Ukrainian national law enforcement system began immediately after the declaration of Ukraine's independence and continued for thirty years, but it is now necessary to accelerate this process by means of a constant and scrupulous search in international legal sources, which become more and more every year more and more, new democratic directions of the functioning of judicial and law enforcement bodies, the latest forms and means of guaranteeing and protecting human rights, freedoms and legitimate interests.
 In addition to the analysis of the sources of international law, it is necessary to follow the scientific work of well-known foreign and domestic specialists, who in their works can offer modern and effective methods and techniques of borrowing international legal standards in the activities of national law enforcement agencies. This is also a significant way and method of solving the main issue of bringing the Ukrainian law enforcement system up to modern world and European standards. However, there cannot be an ill-conceived and simple mechanical transfer of an international standard or foreign experience of their implementation into national law enforcement systems, since our state is an original country with its own history, culture, mentality, its own way of developing law and legal system, which combine general civilizational and specific , trends peculiar only to Ukraine.
 In this regard, there is an urgent need to analyze the existing domestic and foreign developments regarding the borrowing of international legal standards as a methodological basis for the creation and improvement of the national law enforcement system, the development of acceptable for Ukraine procedures and mechanisms for the implementation of positive elements of the organization and activity of law enforcement agencies, which determines the need to conduct relevant scientific research.

The article studies the features and establishment of specific features of law enforcement agencies and the peculiarities of financing the activities of entities ensuring the implementation of law enforcement functions and determines strategic directions for reforming the activities of the entities ensuring the implementation of law enforcement functions. The concept of “law enforcement agency” and signs and vectors of institutional support for the implementation of state policy in the field of law enforcement are defined, including 1) creation of special law enforcement agencies to prevent and counter the most important social problems: cybercrime; distribution and production of drugs; 2) shaping a communication strategy for the interaction of law enforcement agencies; 3) establishment of a permanent representation of Europol. An analysis of state budgets for 2019-2023 is carried out to assess the level of financial support for law enforcement agencies and state authorities performing law enforcement functions. The role and main tasks of the Bureau of Economic Security are determined. Priority directions for expanding the activities of law enforcement agencies in the context of preventing and countering economic crime are proposed. Ways of organizing joint activities of law enforcement agencies are proposed: creation of joint investigation groups, involvement of specialists, joint use of resources, exchange of information, and consultations. The state of financing the activities of law enforcement agencies is studied, and the following areas of improvement of this process are suggested: forecasting the covert expenditures for special operations; reporting to the profile committee of the Parliament of Ukraine; development of a financing mechanism for joint operations; financing the interaction of law enforcement agencies with international police organizations; financing the continuous education of law enforcement officers; financing the retraining of law enforcement officers of working age who stop working in the law enforcement system; provision of funding for the creation of scientific laboratories; financing the temporary joint investigative interagency groups; financing the study of economic and financial aspects of war crimes. The article proposes directions for the expansion of the activities of law enforcement agencies, in particular: the priority areas of joint activity of law enforcement agencies in the implementation of the state policy of prevention and counteraction of economic crime are defined; the form of organization of joint activity of law enforcement agencies in the implementation of the state policy of prevention and counteraction of economic crime is substantiated.

Objective: analysis of forms of civil control over the activities of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. Research methods: the research was conducted using general scientific methods, such as dialectical analysis and synthesis, abstraction, etc. and special methods by which the author analyzes the forms of civil control over the activities of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. Results: the article examines the effectiveness of various forms of civil control in the field of law enforcement and compares such activities with the experience of the EU and the US. In particular, the control of US intelligence agencies, which includes the CIA, FBI NSA and others (a total of 15 bodies) is entrusted to parliamentary committees and is carried out in the following areas: consideration of the draft intelligence community budget and control over spending, development of legislation in intelligence activities; overseeing covert operations, approving presidential nominations for director and first deputy director of the CIA, and military intelligence chiefs, preparing reports for the relevant chambers of Congress on specific issues in which intelligence played a significant role. In the Republics of Poland, Romania, Norway, civil control over the activities of intelligence (law enforcement) bodies is also exercised by parliamentary committees with control measures, assessment of their effectiveness, ensuring human and civil rights and freedoms and disclosure within the interests of the state. reports, conclusions and information. Discussion: research of the role of the public in exercising control over law enforcement agencies of Ukraine through the prism of foreign and international experience. The role of public organizations is, of course, important for building the rule of law as a means of dialogue between government agencies and society. However, if civil control is exercised through public authorities, local governments, elected or formed by the majority of our society, the activities of various public associations are formed on other principles and financed from sources that are neither controlled by the state nor under the control of society. Introduction of forms of civil control used in NABU, NAPC, DBR pose a threat of pressure from members of such public councils and public organizations that formed them, on the heads and employees of law enforcement agencies.

The article considers the main aspects of cooperation between the media and law enforcement agencies of Ukraine in the prevention of crime in the information sphere. It has been noted that the current level of cooperation between law enforcement officials and media professionals in the prevention of crime in the information sphere cannot be described as high. The author’s definitions of interaction between law enforcement agencies and the media are presented, which means «a form of communication between the press services of law enforcement agencies and representatives of the media, by means of which they mutually complement each other and create conditions for the successful functioning of both sides». Attention is drawn to the shortcomings of this interaction, namely, the insufficient legal and regulatory framework, in particular with regard to the clear regulation of these relations; non-operational law enforcement agencies in disseminating information about their activities, incompetence of representatives of press services. Directions for improving the interaction of the law enforcement body with the media are proposed, namely: coverage of the activities of law enforcement agencies, in particular the progress of investigation of criminal offences committed in the information sphere; Accreditation of journalists to law enforcement agencies; Joint charitable actions; Joint issues of columns, joint television and radio programs; conducting «straight lines» and «direct ethers»; carrying out «round tables» on to problems of fight against crime in the information sphere, ensuring public and personal security of citizens; Holding meetings of police officers with editorial teams during which various aspects of the activities of law enforcement agencies, practice of application of laws, problems of police activities are considered. Current common problems of cooperation between law enforcement agencies and the media have been identified, such as: insufficient legal and regulatory framework, in particular, in terms of clear regulation of interaction between law enforcement agencies and the media; Organizational gaps in interaction with the media (there is no well-established practice of authorities responding to publications) insufficient access of journalists to the leadership of law enforcement agencies (it is almost impossible to obtain the necessary comment for the media urgently); non-operational law enforcement agencies in disseminating information about their events (comments on topical topics sometimes appear late in the press services). It is proposed to address the problem of inefficient cooperation between the above-mentioned agencies, such as: the conduct of appropriate exercises by representatives of law enforcement agencies, have been partially implemented, but only in the activities of one law enforcement agency – the police. This should be introduced in all law enforcement agencies. Measures have been proposed to improve the interaction of law enforcement agencies with the media, such as the creation and adoption of a legal and regulatory act that would regulate mutually beneficial provisions of the activities of law enforcement agencies and media workers in the prevention of crime, especially those committed in the information sphere; cooperation of law enforcement agencies it has to be carried out with those journalists who are understood in the sphere of law that minimizes cases of the wrong interpretation of legal terms and the events connected with it and also distortions of the corresponding facts. Recommendations on interaction with the media are presented, such as: openness and transparency of law enforcement agencies in a modern democratic society; The need to involve experts, both international and national; The need to engage society in discussions and influence on certain issues; Involving direct performers in communication with journalists; To increase their professionalism to journalists and the media.

The article considers the main aspects of cooperation between the media and law enforcement agencies of Ukraine in the prevention of crime in the information sphere. It has been noted that the current level of cooperation between law enforcement officials and media professionals in the prevention of crime in the information sphere cannot be described as high. The author’s definitions of interaction between law enforcement agencies and the media are presented, which means «a form of communication between the press services of law enforcement agencies and representatives of the media, by means of which they mutually complement each other and create conditions for the successful functioning of both sides». Attention is drawn to the shortcomings of this interaction, namely, the insufficient legal and regulatory framework, in particular with regard to the clear regulation of these relations; non-operational law enforcement agencies in disseminating information about their activities, incompetence of representatives of press services. Directions for improving the interaction of the law enforcement body with the media are proposed, namely: coverage of the activities of law enforcement agencies, in particular the progress of investigation of criminal offences committed in the information sphere; Accreditation of journalists to law enforcement agencies; Joint charitable actions; Joint issues of columns, joint television and radio programs; conducting «straight lines» and «direct ethers»; carrying out «round tables» on to problems of fight against crime in the information sphere, ensuring public and personal security of citizens; Holding meetings of police officers with editorial teams during which various aspects of the activities of law enforcement agencies, practice of application of laws, problems of police activities are considered. Current common problems of cooperation between law enforcement agencies and the media have been identified, such as: insufficient legal and regulatory framework, in particular, in terms of clear regulation of interaction between law enforcement agencies and the media; Organizational gaps in interaction with the media (there is no well-established practice of authorities responding to publications) insufficient access of journalists to the leadership of law enforcement agencies (it is almost impossible to obtain the necessary comment for the media urgently); non-operational law enforcement agencies in disseminating information about their events (comments on topical topics sometimes appear late in the press services). It is proposed to address the problem of inefficient cooperation between the above-mentioned agencies, such as: the conduct of appropriate exercises by representatives of law enforcement agencies, have been partially implemented, but only in the activities of one law enforcement agency – the police. This should be introduced in all law enforcement agencies. Measures have been proposed to improve the interaction of law enforcement agencies with the media, such as the creation and adoption of a legal and regulatory act that would regulate mutually beneficial provisions of the activities of law enforcement agencies and media workers in the prevention of crime, especially those committed in the information sphere; cooperation of law enforcement agencies it has to be carried out with those journalists who are understood in the sphere of law ̈ that minimizes cases of the wrong interpretation of legal terms and the events connected with it and also distortions of the corresponding facts. Recommendations on interaction with the media are presented, such as: openness and transparency of law enforcement agencies in a modern democratic society; The need to involve experts, both international and national; The need to engage society in discussions and influence on certain issues; Involving direct performers in communication with journalists; To increase their professionalism to journalists and the media.

Introduction. The growth of extremist crimes makes it necessary to increase the effectiveness of the activities of law enforcement agencies to counter this destructive phenomenon, where the leading role is assigned by the legislator to the prosecutor’s office. It is important to improve the mechanisms of interaction and consolidation of the subjects of countering extremism (for example, to modernize the plans of coordination activities of law enforcement agencies, to focus more attention on the problems of the legal regulation of crimes in the virtual space, and to implement the best foreign experience of the legislative regulation of coordination activities). The purpose of the study is to develop conceptual proposals to improve the activities of the prosecutor’s office in countering extremism. Research objectives. To characterize the current problems of countering extremist crimes; to assess the current problems of the prosecutor’s office’s activities to prevent extremist crimes; to identify the problems related to the coordination of law enforcement activities to counter extremism; and to identify promising areas for improving domestic legislation in the issues under consideration. As the methodological framework for the research, the general scientific methods were used: analysis, abstraction, and the dialectical method, as well as a set of specific scientific methods: institutional, formal legal, comparative legal, interpretative, etc. Results. The specific features of the prosecutor’s supervision over implementing legislation on countering extremist activity are described; the counter-arguments arising within the framework of countering extremism are identified and characterized; the problematic aspects of the use by the prosecutor’s office of some means of prosecutorial response in the process of implementing the legislation on countering extremism (presentation, warning) are investigated; and the mechanisms for coordinating the activities of the prosecutor’s office and other law enforcement agencies to counter extremism are described. Conclusions. The effectiveness of the activities of the prosecutor’s office in countering extremism depends on a set of the following factors: improving the mechanisms of interaction among all subjects of countering this category of crimes; the professional development of prosecutors within this activity; not formal but careful supervision of the activities of supervised and other subjects of prevention in this area; granting prosecutors additional powers to combat extremism; and the modernization of the legislative framework regulating the problematic aspects of the prevention of extremist activity.

Based on the analysis of legal acts and different opinions of domestic legal scholars, who in their works investigated the issues of the system of law enforcement agencies of the state, determined the prospects for improving the activities of law enforcement agencies, it was established that law enforcement agencies of Ukraine occupy a central place in protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens, ensuring public security and law and order, protection and protection of the state border, protection of the interests of society and the state, and, if necessary, measures of state coercion are applied. Attention is drawn to certain debatable points related to the assignment of this or that state body to the system of law enforcement agencies. The problematic issue is that the law enforcement function, which is used in a broad sense, is used not only for law enforcement agencies, but also for other executive authorities. It was emphasized that one of the problematic issues that researchers pay attention to is the absence of a legislative definition of the system of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine, which leads to numerous scientific discussions, as a result of which some scientists refer to the system of law enforcement agencies as state agencies whose main task is performance of other tasks of the state, at the same time they perform only separate law enforcement works, scientists have proven that in the majority of administrative scientists operate with legislative acts, in which the legislator, based on the specifics of the law enforcement body, indicates that one or another state body is law enforcement body, at the same time there are opposing opinions. It was concluded that until the legislator resolves the issue of defining the system of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine, the aforementioned will affect the ability to properly ensure the rights and freedoms of citizens guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. In order to determine the system of law enforcement agencies of the state, it is necessary to resolve this issue at the legislative level. Specific proposals for improving the activities of law enforcement agencies are offered.

Statement of the problem. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that at present the activities of law enforcement agencies are based on the introduction of a unified system of information and analytical support of the RF Interior Ministry. The effective use of digital technologies depends on the quality of training of legal professionals, in terms of development of their basic knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of computational and analytical activities as the basis for professional thinking development. The purpose of the article is to justify the need to include the basics of the general theory of statistics, probability theory and mathematical statistics in the course of Legal Statistics as a basis and tool for analyzing socio-economic phenomena closely related to the activities of anti-crime law enforcement agencies following the historical and pedagogical analysis of applying statistics in jurisprudence. The research methodology consists of the analysis and synthesis of regulatory documents in the field of higher education (including educational standards of different generations in the areas of legal training implemented in the RF Interior Ministry universities), the history of teaching the course in Legal Statistics, as well as scientific and pedagogical literature. Research results. The study shows that the content of the course in Legal Statistics for students in legal specialization should include not only branch norms, but also the basics of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics. The fundamental nature of mathematical training helps to develop the basic grounds of professional thinking among specialists of the Russian law enforcement system. Conclusions. The study methodology made it possible to clarify the need for teaching mathematical fundamentals (including the elements of the theory of probability and mathematical statistics) while teaching Legal Statistics. This contributes to a higher level of professional competence among RF Interior Ministry graduates of higher educational institutions, their readiness to apply mathematical calculations in analytical activities.

Introduction. Law enforcement agencies as subjects of formation and implementation of state policy in the field of national security and defense must have an appropriate organizational and legal framework for carrying out their activities. This involves two separate important directions of optimization of the current process of administrative and legal regulation of their activities, which is collectively objectified by the need to review scientific and normative discourses regarding the place and role of law enforcement agencies in the mechanism of ensuring national security of Ukraine. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the strategic directions of improving the administrative and legal regulation of the activities of law enforcement agencies as subjects of the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of national security and defense. Results. Since law enforcement agencies in the researched area are generally divided into those that are independent or structural within the representative body - the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, we believe that the formation of a separate independent authority in the proposed context is generally inappropriate, as well as the granting of such powers to already existing ones. Conclusions. Law enforcement agencies should be provided with the ability to effectively influence various aspects of the country's security from the position of functional unity, which will allow them to strategically and functionally solve issues of national security and defense of Ukraine. We have proposed an author's variation of improving the administrative and legal regulation of the activities of law enforcement agencies as subjects of the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of national security and defense with emphasis on the need to create a specialized state entity - the Center for Coordination and Interaction of Law Enforcement Activities under the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, which will represent the institute of law enforcement activities in Ukraine.

The issue of ensuring the realization of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen through the prism of the activities of law enforcement agencies was considered. It was noted that the implementation of one of the main tasks of the state to ensure the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen, enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine, is entrusted to the three existing branches of government in the state: legislative, executive and judicial. In addition, in order to solve the problems of socio-political and economic development of modern Ukraine, there is a regulatory and protective influence of the state on citizens with the aim of forming appropriate (legal) conditions for their life activities. For this, the state creates special bodies - these are law enforcement agencies. It is emphasized that the concept of "law enforcement agencies" is very often used in scientific literature, regulatory documents and acts, colloquial speech, etc., but an accurate and clear idea about it has not yet been formed.Scientists do not have a unified approach to this concept, it is not fully contained in legislative acts. Normative legal acts related to the disclosure of the concept of "law enforcement agencies" have been analyzed. It was noted that law enforcement agencies are special state institutions united by their functional purpose. Four main features of law enforcement activity are identified. The concept of human rights and freedom is defined. It is emphasized that human rights are divided into 4 groups, each group is disclosed. Attention is drawn to the fact that to ensure human rights and freedoms in the activities of law enforcement agencies, there is a mechanism in the form of two subsystems: protection and protection. After analyzing the current legislation, the main areas of activity of law enforcement agencies in the field of ensuring human and citizen rights and freedoms are highlighted. It was concluded that in modern Ukraine, the work of law enforcement agencies is aimed at ensuring the fundamental rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen. Every day, our state becomes one step closer to European standards in the field of citizen security. However, our realities require newer legal approaches in the matter of ensuring fundamental rights and freedoms. For this purpose, appropriate reforms are carried out in the state, the forms and methods of ensuring the rights and freedoms of a person and citizen are improved, the level of legal culture is raised and, what is very important, in the context of the relevant changes, the level of public trust in law enforcement officers is increased.

The article is devoted to the study of compliance with international standards of human and citizen rights and freedoms by law enforcement agencies and their officials. For this purpose, an analysis of foreign legal acts, in particular, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, ratified by Ukraine, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, domestic legislation and scientific opinions, was carried out. It was emphasized that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights defines international standards for observing the rights and freedoms of citizens and is directly related to the activities of law enforcement agencies. It is emphasized that the implementation of the constituent function requires law enforcement agencies to ensure compliance with the rights and freedoms of citizens during the performance of their daily tasks. In order to clarify the regulatory support in the field of observance of the rights and freedoms of citizens, special legislative acts regulating the activities of: the National Police, the Security Service, the State Border Guard Service, the State Criminal Enforcement Service, the Bureau of Economic Security, the State Guard, the Military Law and Order Service were analyzed, of the State Bureau of Investigation, which the author attributes to the law enforcement agencies of the state. It was established that the legislative acts regulating the activities of the Security Service, the Bureau of Economic Security, the State Guard, the Military Service of Law and Order, the State Bureau of Investigation, prescribe only fragmentary observance of human rights and freedoms by the employees of these bodies and services in the performance of their official duties, which is a shortcoming of the specified normative acts, and as a result, negatively affects the activities of law enforcement agencies in their relations with citizens, compliance by officials with international standards of law enforcement activities, which establish the rules and principles of correct and appropriate behavior of law enforcement officers during the performance of their official duties, defined by normative legal acts duties, including under martial law. However, despite the martial law regime, ensuring the observance of the rights and freedoms of citizens by law enforcement agencies, along with other functions, should become one of the main tasks of these agencies.