Legal investigation of crime trace tracks: facilitating effective detection and prevention of crimes

Abstract

This article is devoted to the coverage of legal research of traces at the crime scene, which contribute to the effective detection and prevention of crimes, and determine the development and functioning of trasology.
 The authors point to the research and organization of the volume. Their main functions are manifested in the accumulation of achievements of trasological research in theory and practice, the optimal development of trasology and dactyloscopy, which contribute to the effective detection and prevention of crimes. These are the most important starting points that underlie its construction and development.
 The commission of many crimes is accompanied by certain changes in the environment. Such changes are called traces of a crime. The trace is a reflection of criminal acts, individual elements of a criminal act. In the forensic sense, the value of traces is due to the existing relationship between the crime and its reflection (traces).
 In modern criminology, the concept of trace should be considered in several aspects. In a broad sense, it should be the result of any material change in the primary situation as a result of the crime: the appearance or disappearance of certain objects, violation of the original position, location, condition of various objects (eg, lost property at the scene, fragments broken window glass). At the present stage of development of criminology as traces are considered: sound traces, odor traces, traces-microparticles, traces-substances, traces of the genetic code of man.
 Traditionally, trasology studies traces only in a narrow sense, namely, materially fixed reflections of the external structure of one object on another (traces-reflections). Traces-reflections arise as a result of interaction of two objects and have rather wide distribution: these are traces of human hands, feet, footwear, teeth, vehicles, tools and tools, etc. Traces-reflection is the main subject of study in trasology.