Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the most successful legal tools to stimulate environmentally friendly behavior of the population. The relevance of studying this issue follows from the disappointing data of the official statistics of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, according to which air pollution can lead to premature death of 6-9 million people by 2060. Using the example of Russia, the EU countries, the USA, India and Japan, the specifics of state influence are revealed with the aim of stimulating “green” behavior of the population, the advantages and disadvantages of various approaches to state regulation in the environmental sphere are considered. Foreign experience is analyzed through the prism of the potential for its further reception in Russia - for example, it is proposed to turn to the practice of India, expressed in the functioning of a separate environmental court; special attention is paid to foreign experience in providing benefits and state assistance in the acquisition of electric cars. Despite the fact that achieving socially desirable behavior is possible through the imposition of sanctions, measures to stimulate environmentally friendly behavior can also be an effective way of influencing public relations, as they can lead to the formation of environmental legal awareness, lead to conscious and responsible, socially active behavior in relation to the environment. In the process of preparing the paper, an extensive regulatory and scientific material was studied (including using the legal research services such as Consultant Plus, Garant and Westlaw Academics), and the research methodology was both special legal (rather-legal, technical) and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, etc.).
Highlights
One of the causes of climate change that is happening before our eyes is a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the air, which results in an increase in the greenhouse effect, melting ice, rising sea levels, etc
We can conclude that one of the promising environmental and legal tasks in the Russian Federation should be the legalization of the procedure and criteria for assessing the environmental impact and security mechanisms in the biosafety sector
In the legislation of the Russian Federation on the environment, the right emphasis should be placed on such an element of compensation for harm as compensation in kind, in particular, through remediation
Summary
One of the causes of climate change that is happening before our eyes is a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the air, which results in an increase in the greenhouse effect, melting ice, rising sea levels, etc. Are a heavy burden on the biosphere. In this regard, it is necessary to determine the vector of greening the modern legal policy of Russia in terms of areas for improving the environmental strategy and state policy of the environmental and legal development of the country. As measures for the implementation of the environmental safety strategy of the Russian Federation, the following relevant areas are used: legislative amendments in terms of encouraging organizations using production and consumption wastes that are used as secondary resources; improving state regulation of the liability of producers and importers for the disposal of waste from the use of goods (including in terms of tightening environmental safety requirements when handling hazardous waste); creation of a data bank to post reliable environmental information at the request of government agencies, business structures, industrial organizations, citizens; development of a draft bill regarding the establishment of an environmental audit system; introduction of innovative and environmentally friendly technologies, stimulating the development of environmentally friendly production, the use of environmentally friendly transport, minimizing the risks of accidents and other dangerous situations of anthropogenic nature, etc., as well as introducing international best practices in the field of waste management, encouraging resource-saving and eco-friendly behavior into Russian practice, introducing of technologies for environmental and bio-security
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