Legal Forms of Real Estate Development in Sustainable Development of Urban Environment

Abstract

The work is devoted to current problems of legislative and contractual regulation of real estate development business in Russian Federation. Relevance of the study was caused by the importance and demand for real estate development business in civil society and in the state as a whole, because the development projects are an integral element of the concept of sustainable development of urban environment. The main goal of sustainable development and its openness, safety, resilience and environmental sustainability of cities and towns, is to expand the scope of inclusive and environmentally sustainable urbanization and the opportunities for integrated and sustainable planning and management of human settlements by 2030. Partnerships between the authorities, the private sector and civil society are the main tools that will fully address economic, social, political and environmental issues of sustainable development. The urban right, as declared by the Aarhus Convention, equally recognizes the importance of integrated and sustainable human settlements planning, with a commitment to open decision-making and increased public support for environmental and urban decisions. A universal development logic can achieve the consensus in disputes between the civil society and government organizations, business and the private sector. Real estate development could be a professional activity aimed at qualitative transformation of a real estate object in order to increase its market value. The developer's task is to adequately fit the object of construction or reconstruction into the context of the urban environment, to obtain the necessary initial permissive documentation for this purpose, to achieve the reconstruction of the planned appearance and architectural attractiveness of the project without damaging the surrounding objects of planning and development of the territory. The application of analytical methods of research allowed the author to conclude that there are a significant number of studies on the concept of real estate development business activity, history of origin and real estate development business of the Institute. At the same time, the tasks of sustainable real estate development business predetermine the necessity of modernization of legal norms, systems of regulators, which promote effective and productive work in this direction. As a result, the focus of our research is the actual contractual regulation of the real estate development business activity. The author investigated the main goal of the developer’s activity—investment, revealed its concept, which allows to define the mechanism of risk distribution. This risk is characteristic for the contractual model of the real estate development business project and should be considered as legal qualification of obligatory relations (internal and external) with the participation of the developer.