Abstract
Abstract The development and motion of fronts associated with lee-side troughs on large mountain barriers has been investigated. These fronts differ from ordinary cold fronts in their horizontal temperature field, which is characterized by a sinusoidal thermal ridge. The thermal ridge intensifies, while remaining stationary with respect to the mountains, and moves eastward upon the approach of a Pacific cold front. An equation is derived, showing that changes in the thermal pattern can be described by changes in a potential thermal vorticity equation, which consists of three terms: (1) one representing an advection of the potential thermal vorticity by the 500-mb. wind; (2) one representing the advection of 500-mb. absolute vorticity by the thermal wind; and (3) a purely orographic term. An idealized sinusoidal model of the thickness pattern is used in conjunction with the prognostic equation to explain the development and motion of lee-side thermal ridges. Actual examples from synoptic maps are chosen to...
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