LED Lighting Technique to Control Plant Growth and Morphology

Abstract

Light with diverse spectral distribution can be designed with narrowband lights from light-emitting diodes (LED) in plant factories with artificial lighting. The spectral distribution of the light affects plant growth mainly via photosynthesis, and it affects plant morphology mainly via other light receptor reactions. Photosynthetic reactions and the reactions of light receptors against spectral distribution are described. Plant net photosynthetic rate (Pn) is affected by the amount of light received per plant; hence, plant morphology is important to increase the amount of light received by plants and their growth rates. Plant morphology is affected by spectral distribution via multiple photoreceptors, and it is also affected by photon flux density. Therefore, there may be an interaction between these effects. Understanding these effects and these interactions is required to control plant growth and morphology using LED.