Abstract
Backgrounds: Metabolic syndrome can facilitate the development of diabetes mellitus and has gained a negative reputation for its adverse effects on the general health of the population and its tendency to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular complications may be mediated by the alteration of certain enzyme activities and pathways. Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT) may have a potential role in the prevention of atherosclerosis as a rate-limiting enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport. In this study, LCAT activity was compared among patients with type 2 diabetes in the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome.Methods: In the present study, 55 patients with type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome (DM+MS group), 25 patients with type 2 diabetes without metabolic syndrome (DM-MS group), and a control group of 43 subjects without type 2 diabetes (HC group) were compared based on their anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, glycemic indices, and LCAT activity.Results: LCAT activity was lower among participants of the DM+MS group (70.22±7.88) in comparison with the both HC group (89.51±3.59) and the DM-MS group (76.73±7.25) (respectively P<0.001, P=0.021). There was no significant difference in the fasting blood glucose levels, as evidenced by the HbA1c and HOMA-IR measurements between the DM+MS group and the DM-MS group. BMI was significantly higher in the DM+MS group compared to the DM-MS group (P=0.031). In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, there was a negative correlation between LCAT activity and BMI (r=-0.275, P=0.048). There was also a negative correlation between LCAT activity and HbA1c in the DM-MS group (r=-0.606, P=0.008) and the DM+MS group (r=-0.421, P=0.002).Conclusion: LCAT activity was lower among patients with type 2 diabetes compared to subjects without type 2 diabetes and it had a greater reduction in the presence of metabolic syndrome. LCAT activity also had a negative correlation with BMI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome compared to patients with type 2 diabetes that did not have metabolic syndrome.Keywords: Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT), Metabolic syndrome, Diabetes mellitus, type 2, BMI
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