Learner corpora as a research tool for the investigation of lexical competence in L2 Spanish

Abstract

This article presents a state-of-the-art discussion of second language (L2) Spanish corpus-based research on lexical competence. While L2 Spanish learner corpus research (LCR) is still in its infancy, we will review the major findings of relevant studies on the production of several lexical aspects: copula choice with ser/estar; overt/null pronoun distribution; collocations and lexico-syntactic verbal competence. Due to the highly contextualised nature of learner corpus data, many of these studies show that learners do not always behave differently from natives in terms of frequency of use, though they may differ in terms of discursive and pragmatic uses. The article ends with some theoretical and methodological caveats about L2 Spanish learner corpus research. An argument is made for the need to conduct L2 corpus-based research which (1) is theoretically motivated and explanatory (as opposed to descriptive and pedagogical), (2) uses fine-grained annotation (as opposed to coarse-grained, general tagsets), (3) exploits learner corpora that are properly designed and where learner variables are properly controlled for.