Abstract
In the case of foliar area studies on vines, with a large number of determinations, a simple, fast, sufficiently accurate and low-cost method is very useful. The typology of leaves on the vine is complex, characterized by several descriptive parameters: median rib; secondary venations of the first and second order; angles between the median rib and the secondary venations; sinuses; length and width of the leaf. The present study aimed to evaluate models for calculating the leaf area based on descriptive parameters and KA (KA as the surface constant used to calculate the leaf area) for six vine cultivars, ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (CS), ‘Muscat Iantarnîi’ (MI), ‘Muscat Ottonel’ (MO), ‘Chasselas’ (Ch), ‘Victoria’ (Vi) and ‘Muscat Hamburg’ (MH). The determined KA surface constants had subunit values (0.91 to 0.97), except for the cultivars ‘Muscat Iantarnîi’ and ‘Muscat Ottonel’ where the surface constant KA2 (in relation to the second-order secondary venations) had supraunitary values (1.07 and 1.08, respectively). The determination of the leaf area was possible under different conditions of statistical accuracy (R2 = 0.477, p = 0.0119, up to R2 = 0.988, p < 0.001) in relation to the variety and parametric descriptors considered. The models obtained from the regression analysis facilitated a more reliable prediction of the leaf area based on the elements on the left side of the leaf, in relation to the median rib, compared to those on the right. The accuracy of the results was checked on the basis of minimum error (ME) and confirmed by parameters R2, p and RMSE.
Highlights
Based on these descriptive elements and the general considerations presented, the present study aimed to evaluate some models of leaf surface calculation based on descriptive elements, KA surface constants and regression analysis
The study aimed to evaluate through a comparative analysis where foliar parameters and calculation method most facilitate the determination with high precision of the leaf area, to be promoted in the case of studies targeting a large number of leaf area determinations in the vine of life
Measurements were made for each leaf on the median rib, the secondary venations of order 1 and 2, the distances between the terminations of the venations of order 1 and those of order 2, on the distances from the base of the sinuses to the base of the median rib, and, respectively, on angles α and β, the results being shown in Tables 1 and 2
Summary
Foliar parameters are integral elements of the leaves, geometry, found in a certain proportionality with the leaf as a whole, and can be used to evaluate the leaf area, the indices dependent on the leaf area, as well as to study physiological, ecological and agricultural nature of plants [1,2,3,4]. Anatomical elements and descriptive parameters of the leaf lamina were used in the study and ampelographic characterization of genotypes in vines and in the evaluation of ecological plasticity in relation to certain environmental factors [5,6,7,8,9,10]. Some studies have evaluated changes at the molecular, cellular and topological levels of the leaves in relation to the plasticity of the respective genotypes [11,12]. Various other foliar studies have focused on the interception of solar energy [13], photosynthetic rate [14,15,16], nutritional status [17,18,19], water utilization ratio in relation to production [20,21], the peculiarities of growth and development of the vine [22,23], fruiting and production quality [24,25,26,27,28,29], quality of vines for human nutrition and phytopharmaceutical products [30,31], degree of attack of diseases and pests [32], the relationship of the vine with environmental factors and the reaction to stress condition [33,34,35,36,37,38]
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