Le mot, l'accent, la phrase. Études de linguistique slave et générale by Paul Garde (review)

Abstract

514 SEER, 86, 3, JULY 2008 morphology begins with an overview before coveringmorphological categories and structures,morphological word classes, inflectional categories (number, case, definiteness and deixis, gender, person, tense, aspect, voice and mood) and paradigms (nouns, the adjective and determiner declension, firstand second person pronouns and the reflexive pronoun, numerals and verbs, including athematic and auxiliary verbs). The sixth chapter covers syntactic units, syntactic roles and relations (concord, agreement, government and case) and the syntax and morphosyntax of aspect. The chapter on sentence structure begins with an overview and covers definiteness, questions, negation, imperatives, passives, conditionals, possession, coordinate and subordinate constructions, and specific construc tion types (pronouns and anaphora, reflexives, apersonal and impersonal constructions, indirect speech, participial and gerundial constructions, and ellipsis and deletion), together with word order and the Prague School's concept of functional sentence perspective. As various types of word formation (e.g. prefixation, suffixation, root combination, mixed types) are looked at in nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and other parts of speech, morphophonological features of word forma tion are also examined. The next chapter considers patterns of lexis, lexical composition and sources in the modern Slavonic languages, coexistent lexical strata (e.g. Church Slavonic and Russian inRussian, Russian and Turkish in Bulgarian), root exploitation (including lexical specialization and verbs of motion), lexical innovations, both indigenous (e.g. compounding, abbreviated words) and externally influenced (borrowing, caiques), and post-Communist lexis. The tenth chapter, after an overview, examines dialects of the main South, East and West Slavonic languages, while the final chapter examines socio linguistic features of the Slavonic languages: language definition and autonomy (statusand criteria, standardization, and purism and the culture of language), standard written and spoken variants (Russian, Czech), sociolectal variation, bilingualism and diglossia, and the Slavonic languages abroad. The three-level table of contents and two-level (occasionally three-level) index are excellent for locating subjects. The eighteen pages of bibliography cover not only references in the text but also a select group of works that have apparently been useful in forming the authors' views. The copious tables and examples enable information to be absorbed readily. All in all, this is a thoroughly researched work of considerable value. Department ofSlavonic Studies B. Cooper UniversityofCambridge Garde, Paul. Le mot, Vaccent, la phrase. Etudes de linguistiqueslave etgenerate. Publiees par les soins de Remi Camus. Travaux publies par lTnstitut d'etudes slaves, 49. Institut d'etudes slaves, Paris, 2006. 493 pp. Tables. Notes. Appendix. Bibliography. Index. 42.00 (paperback). Paul Garde isknown internationally forhis contributions to Slavonic linguis tics, especially Slavonic accentological studies, over the course of fifty years; REVIEWS 515 this book marks that achievement by making available thirty-six of his articles (from a list ofmore than 230 publications), selected in consultation with the author to reflect themain themes and methodological approaches of his research into the Slavonic languages. The collection is aimed in the first instance at a Francophone readership: articles originally published in other languages (Russian, English) have been translated into French by the editor, Remi Camus, and two of the selected items focus on discrepancies (in expressions of duration and the extent and nature of ellipsis) between French and Russian and their implications for language learning. However, it has a wider usefulness because it brings togetherworks, ranging indate from 1965 to 2006, which were first published in journals dealing with Slavonic or General Linguistics and in various hom age volumes, some ofwhich may not be available in all university libraries, such as the Travaux du Cercle linguistique dAix-en-Provence,or theMiklosicev zbornikpublished in Ljubljana in 1992. It also includes two hitherto unpub lished items. The editor has combined the bibliographical references in a single comprehensive list and has added a list of Garde's publications up to 2006, including his work on Tiutchev's poetry, his newspaper articles of the last fifteen years on the collapse of the former Yugoslavia and reviewers' notices of his books. The articles reproduced in the collection are divided into five groups according to subject matter: 'the internal structure of the word', i.e. mor phophonological analysis mainly with reference toRussian; methods of accen tological and prosodic analysis, with applications to Russian, Serbo-Croat and Macedonian; problems in...