Abstract
The genital system is derived from the urogenital ridge and the primordial germ cells migrate from the posterior extremity of the embryo at 6th week to participate in the formation of the primitive sex cords. The sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene is necessary to induce the male determination and subsequent genital differentiation. The female genital development is nevertheless not a totally passive process and many genes are implicated in the development of ovary and follicles. FOXL2, WNT4, and Rspondin 1 play an important role here, whereas SRY, SOX9, DAX1, DMRT1, ATRX, TSPY, and MALMD1 are implicated in testis determination. The differential development of mesonephric and paramesonephric ducts allows the internal sexual dimorphism, while the differential development of genital tubercle and genital folds allows the external sexual dimorphism.
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