Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) have been effective for heart failure (HF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Among SGLT2-i, empagliflozin and dapagliflozin were compared for clinical effect, with empagliflozin showing a lower composite of all-cause mortality or hospitalization with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.90. In the EMPA-ELDERLY clinical trial, empagliflozin demonstrated better HbA1c reduction and weight reduction without affecting muscle strength or mass in elderly patients with T2D. The American College of Physicians (ACP) published “Newer Pharmacologic Treatments in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes” in April 2024. The potential mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory effects of SGLT2-i will be clarified in the future.
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