Abstract
In certain scenarios following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), vascular complications can present as recurrent hemarthrosis, resulting in continued pain and restricted range of motion post-operatively. We present a 77 year old female who underwent a right TKA. She had an uncomplicated recovery for 1 year following the TKA, but then developed episodic knee pain, with pain and swelling, which resulted in limitations to ambulation. Work-up was negative for infection or hardware related complications. At presentation to our office 2 years following the right TKA, aspiration showed thick hemarthrosis from the right knee. Right lower extremity angiogram demonstrated a non-tumoral blush indicative of chronic synovial hyperemia. Patient underwent successful transarterial coil and selective embolization of the responsible geniculate arteries, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms at 2 years follow-up. Physicians and surgeons should be aware of vascular complications following TKA that can occur at mid or long term follow-up which may require therapeutic embolization for resolution of symptoms. Keywords: Hemarthrosis, Total knee arthroplasty, Embolization, Geniculate arteries.
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