Abstract
Abstract The rapid development of quantum electronics has permitted the introduction of efficient remote-sensing techniques for air and sea, based on applied laser spectroscopy. In this paper basic interactions between laser light and molecules are discussed as a background for a description of laser probing of the atmosphere and the hydrosphere. For the atmosphere both meteorological parameters and pollution levels can be measured. Long-path absorption and lidar (laser radar) techniques yield average or range-resolved values for several environmental parameters. Tropospheric and stratospheric measurements of particles and gaseous pollutants are described. Laser light can be used for marine probing within the blue-green optical window of water. Much of the effort in this field aims at the development of airborne measuring systems. Bathymetric experiments and the detection of schools of fish are discussed. Laser-induced fluorescence can be used for airborne monitoring of pollutants like mineral oils and pu...
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