Laser synthesis and comparative testing of a three-dimensional porous matrix of titanium and titanium nickelide as a repository for stem cells

Abstract

The paper discusses the prospects of layer-by-layer synthesis of porous tissue scaffolds (matrices) of titanium and NiTi (nitinol) as a repository for stem cells. The experiments are performed on primary cultures of human dermal fibroblasts of 4–18 passages. The culture of dermal fibroblasts is obtained from the skin and muscle tissue of 6 to 10-week abortuses with the method of primary explants. The role of surface morphology of porous matrices of these materials in cell adhesion and proliferation is examined in comparison with cast dental titanium. The surface microstructure and roughness are analyzed with optical and scanning electron microscopy before and after experiments in vitro. The elemental analysis is used to determine the biochemical composition of post-experimental porous matrix structures. The results show high chemotaxis of cells to the samples and effect of the matrix composition on the development of cell culture.