Abstract
Excimer laser ablation into vacuum of hydrated lanthanide oxalates has produced new lanthanide (Ln) oxide cluster ions which were identified by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In addition to binary oxide clusters (LnmO+n), mixed lanthanide oxide clusters [Lnm1Lnm2′O+n with (m1+m2)≤9] were discerned for the following Ln-Ln′: La-Tb, La-Ho, La-Lu, and Ho-Lu. The observed cluster ion stoichiometries, abundance distributions, and hydration systematics provide insights into cluster formation mechanisms and chemistries. Time-variable ion sampling revealed cluster enhancement in the tail of the ablation plume. The body of experimental results support cluster formation by aggregation of small ablated species.
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