Abstract
The possibility that the social and economic structure of pre-roman castrenas (hillfort) communities corresponds to the concept of a peasant society is analysed. For this we make use of the archaeological record of the castros (hillforts) at the Archaeological Zone of Las Medulas, in the SW of the province of Leon, at three levels of analysis: the units of occupation of the villages as basic cells of agricultural production and consumption; the suitability of the castros to be viewed as self-sufficient peasant communities; the specificity of their forms of life, rationality and economy as builders of a peasant landscape. In this way issues such as ownership and the degree and type of hierarchization of these communities are discussed. The Roman presence in this area lead to a rapid process of dissolution of this native social structure. The mining interests promote a big change, both economic and social; which is visible in the population patterns arid exploitation of the territory, in short, in the construction of a new mining landscape, besides the previous peasant one.
Highlights
Se analiza la posibilidad de que la estructura social y económica de las comunidades castreñas prerromanas corresponda al concepto de una.sociedad campesina
The possibility that the social and economic structure ofpre-roman castreñas communities corresponds to the concept of a peasant society is analysed
For this we make use of the archaeological record of the castros at the Archaeological Zone of Las Medulas, in the SW of the province of Leon, at three levels of analysis: the units of occupation of the villages as basic cells of agricultural production and consumption; the suitability of the castros to be viewed as self-sufficient peasant communities; the specificity of theirforms of life, rationality and economy as builders of a peasant landscape
Summary
2) de las que, al menos 9, tienen como principal tendencia económica la agricultura. Tal afirmación se basa en la presencia entre sus construcciones de una dependencia especial que, como ya apuntamos, funciona como habitación de almacenaje u hórreo. Estos almacenes son el tipo de espacio mejor definido constmctivamente y su superior factura los discrimina fácilmente del resto, sean éstos cocinas, talleres, corrales o anejos de habitación. Los separa la elección y el grado de manipulación a que han sido sometidos los materiales utihzados en su eonsr trucción, como son, por ejemplo, el mayor tamaño y mejor corte de las piedras utilizadas en sus muros o la abundancia y el cuidado tratamiento previo de la arcilla que se usa como trabazón.
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