Larvicidal Properties of Botanical Extracts of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Lawsonia inermis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; against &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Anopheles stephensi&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Hasan Bakhshi,Mohammad Reza Abai,Rasoul Zolfi,Azam Bakhshi,Fakhredin Taghinezhad,Seyed Hasan Moosa-Kazemi,Gholamreza Amin,Masoumeh Pirmohammadi

doi:10.4236/aid.2014.44025

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the larvicidal activity of Lawsonia inermis against Anopheles stephensi as the main malaria vector in Iran. This study was carried out from February to July 2011. Larvicidal activity of >L. inermis was studied in the range of 4 - 4000 PPM in the laboratory against early and late stages of larvae of An. stephensi. The larvae were reared in the insectarium. The LC50 and LC90 values of the larval stages of An. stephensi were calculated by probit analysis and regression line draw using Microsoft office excel 2003 software. The highest toxic effect of L. inermis was found at 4000 PPM and the lowest at 4 PPM against larval stages I and II. The same result was found against larval stages III and IV. The LC50 and LC90 was found as 413.8 and 3366.3 respectively against larval stages I and II while against late stages found as 696.9 and 3927.7 respectively. This study suggests that L. inermis extract can be used as an alternative larvicidal compound during the IPM programs for the An. stephensi control. It is recommended to investigate the competency of other similar plants to malaria control.

Highlights

The vector borne diseases is known to be important due to Arboviral, bacterial, parasitological and other pathogens they transmit
The LC50 calculated as 4, 40, 400 and 4000 PPM were exposed to larval stages
The LC50 calculating in this study indicated that the younger stages are more sensitive to old stages

Summary

Introduction

The vector borne diseases is known to be important due to Arboviral, bacterial, parasitological and other pathogens they transmit. Some diseases transmitted by arthropods are important in Iran [1]. Manouchehri in 1992 indicated the role of Anopheles genus, and other Culicinae mosquitoes to transmit the malaria, encephalitis and Dirofilariasis in Iran. Eight species have identified as proven and suspected vectors of malaria in Iran [2]-[12]. An. stephensi is considered as one of the main malaria vectors in Iran. Resistance of the species to the organochlorine, organophosphorus, carbamates and some pyrethroids insecticides reported. Plant extracts are environmental-friendly and the alternative compounds of vector control agent

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion