Abstract
Low temperature district heating and cooling networks (5GDHC) in combination with very shallow geothermal energy potentials enable the complete renewable heating and cooling supply of settlements up to entire city districts. With the help of 5GDHC, heating and cooling can be distributed at a low temperature level with almost no distribution losses and made useable to consumers via decentralized heat pumps (HP). Numerous renewable heat sources, from wastewater heat exchangers and low-temperature industrial waste heat to borehole heat exchangers and large-scale geothermal collector systems (LSC), can be used for these networks. The use of large-scale geothermal collector systems also offers the opportunity to shift heating and cooling loads seasonally, contributing to flexibility in the heating network. In addition, the soil can be cooled below freezing point due to the strong regeneration caused by the solar irradiation. Multilayer geothermal collector systems can be used to deliberately generate excessive cooling of individual areas in order to provide cooling energy for residential buildings, office complexes or industrial applications. Planning these systems requires expertise and understanding regarding the interaction of these technologies in the overall system. This paper provides a summary of experience in planning 5GDHC with large-scale geothermal collector systems as well as other renewable heat sources.
Highlights
Due to their high demand for energy and raw materials, cities contribute significantly to climate change
With 4th Generation district heating networks (4GDH) smart thermal grids where introduced and efficiency increased by use of renewable energy sources [6]
This paper mainly investigates in large-scale geothermal collector systems (LSC)
Summary
Due to their high demand for energy and raw materials, cities contribute significantly to climate change. They showed that there is an enormous potential of energy savings with district heating when it comes to renewable energy resources, heat savings or heat recycling In addition to this by the end of 2020 the European council tightened the regulations to a net domestic reduction of at least 55% in greenhouse gas emissions in the year 2030 compared to 1990 [4]
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