Abstract

There are numerous historical critiques of elitist educational policies in Brazil, as well as studies of the racial and gender dynamics of education, and scholars have routinely lamented the historical lack of access to schooling among the Brazilian poor. But surprisingly few historians have taken on language and education as durable categories of inequality—created, recognized, legitimized, and acted upon over many generations, constitutive elements in Brazil’s constellation of social difference. This is especially remarkable given the rich and repeated emphasis on language, literacy, and education that characterized debates about Brazilian inequality in the century after independence.

Highlights

  • Over more than thirty years of public life, Lula has snuffed the spark from these kinds of denigrations by repeatedly defending the intelligence of the unschooled and carefully courting the university class

  • His critics’ remarks are instructive insofar as they pull the veil from practices of distinction and discrimination that are at once ubiquitous and invisible in Brazilian public life

  • There are numerous historical critiques of elitist educational policies, as well as studies of the racial and gender dynamics of education, and scholars have routinely lamented the historical lack of access to schooling among the Brazilian poor

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Summary

Introduction

Over more than thirty years of public life, Lula has snuffed the spark from these kinds of denigrations by repeatedly defending the intelligence of the unschooled and carefully courting the university class. In História social, she and co-editor Carmo amplify this earlier work, bringing together a multidisciplinary group of historians, linguists, anthropologists, and literary scholars to examine the question of Brazil’s língua nacional from a dazzling array of perspectives.

Results
Conclusion

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