Abstract
Assessing the supply and demand of urban green space (UGS) ecosystem services (ESs) can provide relevant insights for urban planning. This study presents an analysis method for the spatial distribution of UGS ES supply and demand at administrative unit and 1-m grid scales and directly compares the matches of ES supply and demand in spatially explicit maps at two scales. Based on the analysis results at administrative unit scale, administrative units with an unbalanced UGS ES supply and demand were divided into three types: (Ⅰ) lack of green space; (Ⅱ) unreasonable green space structure; (Ⅲ) comprehensive, and different optimization schemes were put forward. According to the analysis results at 1-m scale, the regions with an unbalanced ES supply and demand of an administrative unit were divided into the following: (1) severe ES shortage area; (2) moderate ES shortage area; (3) mild ES shortage area, and the severe ES shortage area was taken as the UGS optimization area. We take the UGS within the 5th Ring Road of Beijing as an example and propose suggestions for optimizing the UGS pattern based on the evaluation of the supply and demand of UGS carbon sequestration services and purification services for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM2.5). This study provides an easy-to-use evaluation method for the spatial distribution of UGS ES supply and demand and proposes different optimization suggestions for the unbalanced area, thus playing a role in UGS construction activities and green space structure optimization.
Highlights
Urban green space (UGS) refers to urban land covered by vegetation, which exists in the form of natural or artificial vegetation [1]
This study presents a multiscale analysis method for the spatial distribution of UGS
ecosystem services (ESs) supply and demand and makes different UGS optimization suggestions based on the evaluation results
Summary
Urban green space (UGS) refers to urban land covered by vegetation, which exists in the form of natural or artificial vegetation [1]. Social and economic benefits [2,3,4], UGS plays an important role in maintaining urban sustainable development and urban ecological balance. Rapid growth of urban populations aggravates the contradiction between humans and land, and UGS is often gradually replaced by impervious surfaces [5]. The protection and utilization of natural resources have often been ignored during urban development and construction processes in the past, which has led to frequent “City Diseases” [6]. Faced with the continuous reduction in UGS and the associated ecological problems, urban planning departments are endeavoring to reasonably scientifically protect UGSs by way of effective planning. How to plan UGSs rationally and make the limited UGSs serve increasing numbers of urban residents is the goal and challenge of UGS planning
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