Abstract
Degradation of land used in agricultural production is studied. Different land use practices influence on the organic carbon content in arable soils of agrolandscapes on arid territories as an example. By the example of Rostov and Samara regions, the existing agricultural land ownership structure has been analyzed, and the dynamics of sown areas and humus content in arable soils has been studied. It is shown that in the course of the land reform there was a redistribution of land ownership, which is more pronounced in the Samara and Rostov regions than in the Russian Federation as a whole due to agricultural land predominance in the land fund. Agricultural landscapes in the provinces occupy most of the studied regions and are currently characterized by the processes of degradation. Private land ownership does not guarantee the implementation of measures to preserve and improve soil fertility without the development in the implementation of regulatory and legal framework for the rational use of land at the regional or federal level. Without the development of a system of comprehensive measures to organize the rational use of land at the federal and regional levels, landscape agro-ecological condition will continue to deteriorate.
Highlights
After the land reform that started in the Russian Federation in 1990, the organizational, legal, economic, technological and other bases of land use in the country have changed significantly
The studied regions are located on European Russia, Samara region - on the border of the forest-steppe and steppe zones, and Rostov region - steppe and arid-steppe zones
The land reform in the Russian Federation, which began in 1991, led to a redistribution of land ownership, which mainly affected the category of agricultural land
Summary
After the land reform that started in the Russian Federation in 1990, the organizational, legal, economic, technological and other bases of land use in the country have changed significantly. As a result of the land and agrarian reforms carried out simultaneously in Russia, radical changes in the sphere of land relations took place. Under the conditions of imperfect land legislation, almost complete absence of land monitoring, undeveloped mechanisms of management and control (supervision) over the condition and use of land, negative phenomena that significantly worsen the condition of land resources have increased [2]. These phenomena include agrolandscape land degradation, which has widespread development and is a global environmental problem [3,4,5,6]. As a result of anthropogenic degradation and climate change, the area of soil resources suitable for agriculture is steadily decreasing with the ever-increasing Earth population [7,8,9]
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