Abstract
Production–Living–Ecological Space (PLES) is a useful tool to identify land use status patterns and optimize land resource allocation. In this study, the spatial econometric model was chosen to analyze the driving factors of land use change in Chaoyang District, part of the rural–urban fringe in Beijing, from the perspective of PLES evolution, from 2005 to 2020. The results showed the following: (1) Production Space (PS) to Living-Non-Farm Production Space (LNPS) has been the most significant conversion process of PLES since 2005, making LNPS the PLES type with the highest proportion in the study area. (2) With the spatial order from near-to-far from the city center, the scale of PS was reduced and concentrated, Ecological Space (ES) was formed in a green belt at the periphery of Beijing, Eco-Agricultural Production Space (EAPS) and Living-Agricultural Production Space were rapidly reduced, and LNPS was rapidly expanded in the point-line-plane order. (3) The PS to LNPS conversion was mainly driven by economic development and industrial structure upgrades, while the PS to ES conversion was mainly due to the distribution of population density and also industrial structures. The conversion of EAPS to LNPS was driven by the increase of the urbanization rate and economic growth. This study confirmed the policy-driven effect of the conversion from PS to ES. Due to the “Concentric Circle” spatial structure of Beijing, the conversion of PLES is generally related to the distance from the city center.
Highlights
Received: 24 January 2022In the 1990s, China adjusted its urban development strategy and promoted “urbanization”, which accelerated the expansion of built-up areas
Urban planning has focused on the prediction and constraint of the urban scale and structures in China, but its implementation effect has been limited at the rural–urban fringe, since the speed and direction of urban expansion are difficult to control under the conditions of rapid urbanization [3]
Eco-Agricultural Production Space (EAPS) mainly turned into Production Space (PS) and Ecological Space (ES), while Living-Agricultural Production Space (LAPS) mainly turned into PS and Living-Non-Farm Production Space (LNPS), with an annual decrease of 4.88% and 7.81%, respectively
Summary
In the 1990s, China adjusted its urban development strategy and promoted “urbanization”, which accelerated the expansion of built-up areas. The rural–urban fringe provided land for urban construction, and became the temporary residence of a floating population from rural areas there to make a living in cities [2]. Urban planning has focused on the prediction and constraint of the urban scale and structures in China, but its implementation effect has been limited at the rural–urban fringe, since the speed and direction of urban expansion are difficult to control under the conditions of rapid urbanization [3]. As urban built-up areas continue to spread outwards, the pressure on cultivated land protection is increasing, and the rural–urban fringe has become a “land contested area” between the urban and rural, resulting in disordered changes in land use, environmental pollution, and unbalanced rural–urban development [5]
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