Land Allocation Policies of National Housing Programs and Projects: Proposals and Implementation Mechanisms for Housing Lands in New Cities in Egypt

Abstract

Egypt has been suffering from a significant housing problem of unbalanced housing provision for all segments of society. During the past decades, the state addressed this problem through successive land allocation and housing policies. However, those efforts were insufficient to resolve the issue, and there is still a gap between the demand and supply of adequate housing types for low-income groups. This paper, aims to come up with proposals Mechanisms for housing and land allocation policies in Egypt. The methodology of this research is based on monitoring and analyzing the development of land allocation and housing policies and programs from 1952 to 2020 to identify deficiencies in the different implementation mechanisms and their effectiveness. Also, three successful international experiences (Singapore, Australia and Morocco) representing various of housing land allocation policies are examined to identify essential lessons applicable in the Egyptian context. From the results of this analysis, and the outcome of structured interviews with Egyptian stakeholders in Housing field comprising housing academia and housing experts and planners. The paper finally proposes several institutional, legislative, planning, financial administrative and informational mechanisms to fulfill the land allocation policies and link them to the policies and programs of the national housing plans in Egypt.