Abstract

Kerusakan ekosistem terumbu karang di Indonesia mencapai 43%, salah satu penyebabnya adalah eksploitasi karang untuk diperdagangkan menjadi karang hias. Salah satu karang hias yang diperdagangkan yaitu karang dari jenis Acropora millepora. Oleh karena itu, budidaya karang hias sangat dibutuhkan untuk dapat mengurangi pengambilan karang berlebihan di alam. Budidaya karang dapat dilakukan dengan transplantasi karang menggunakan metode microfragmentation pada budidaya karang secara ex-situ yang terkontrol. Penggunaan metode microfragmentation dilakukan karena dapat mempengaruhi kecepatan pertumbuhan karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju pertumbuhan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup microfragment A. millepora hasil transplantasi dengan metode microfragmentation pada kondisi terkontrol pada budidaya karang secara ex-situ. Pengamatan dan pengambilan data dilakukan dalam waktu 5 bulan, dan pengukuran laju pertumbuhan microfragment A. millepora menggunakan software ImageJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata laju pertumbuhan microfragment A. millepora sebesar 0.1 cm2/bulan dengan pertambahan luasan area selama 5 bulan sebesar 1.35 cm2. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup microfragment A. millepora yang di transplantasi pada budidaya karang ex-situ pada kondisi terkontrol mencapai 100%. Budidaya karang ex-situ dengan sistem terkontrol sangat baik digunakan untuk melakukan transplantasi karang karena kondisi lingkungan pada budidaya ex-situ lebih stabil dibandingkan transplantasi karang pada budidaya in-situ. Oleh karena itu, dapat diartikan transplantasi karang A. millepora dengan metode microfragmentation dengan kondisi terkontrol pada budidaya ex-situ dapat dikatakan berhasil The damage of coral reef ecosytems in Indonesia reached 43%, one of the causes is the exploitation of corals to be traded as ornamental coral. Acropora millepora is one of the corals commonly traded as ornamental corals. Hence, ornamental coral farming is needed to reduce corals harvesting in the wild. The cultivation can be done by coral transplantation using microfragmentation method in ex-situ coral nursery. Microfragmentation was used due to its ability to accelerate the growth rate of coral microfragment. This study aimed to observe the growth rate and survival rate of A. millepora microfragments transplanted with microfragmentation method under controlled condition at ex-situ coral nursery. Observation and data collection were conducted over 5 months, and measuring the growth rate of A. millepora microfragments using ImageJ software. The results of this study exhibited that the average growth rate of A. millepora microfragments was 0.1 cm2/month with a 5-months increase in area measured at 1.35 cm2. The survival rate of A. millepora microfragments transplanted at ex-situ coral nursery reached 100%. Ex-situ coral nursery under controlled condition is ideal for coral transplantation due to the environment in ex-situ nursery is more stable than in-situ nursery. Thus, it can be concluded that the transplantation of A. millepora using microfragmentation method under controlled condition at ex-situ coral nursery was succeeded.

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