Abstract
Gut microbiome plays an essential role in asthma development, and probiotic-based manipulation of the gut microbiome has been proposed to prevent asthma. Although the preventive effect of Lactobacillus supplementation against allergies has been reported, the precise Lactobacillus species beneficial for effective prevention of asthma remain unidentified and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral administration of six Lactobacillus species and the mechanism underlying asthma prevention via gut microbiome modulation. We investigated the effects of oral administration of L. rhamnosus, L. fermentum, L. casei, L. gasseri, L. salivarius, and L. reuteri (five strains of each species) on asthma and gut microbiome of house dust mite (HDM)-treated murine models of asthma. Of these, L. reuteri administration was the most effective: it alleviated airway inflammation, decreased total IgE and HDM-IgG1, and reduced Th2-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, modulation of specific microbial genera by L. reuteri was more effective in asthma prevention than the modulation of the overall microbiota composition. Lactobacillus and Enterococcus were enriched after L. reuteri supplementation and were closely associated with total IgE and IL-13 production. Furthermore, L. reuteri specifically altered the gut microbial function toward butyrate generation. Thus, L. reuteri may reduce the risk of asthma development by modulating specific gut microbiota to improve the lung immune environment. Our study suggests a novel option for gut microbiome manipulation via L. reuteri supplementation for suppression of asthma and other allergic diseases.
Highlights
Allergies are immune-mediated disorders primarily caused by an IgE-dependent immunological reaction to an allergen
L. reuteri protects against airway inflammation in house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma model
In order to prove the impact of different Lactobacillus species on the development of airway inflammation, airway inflammatory cell infiltrate and goblet cell hyperplasia were assessed
Summary
We aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral administration of six Lactobacillus species and the mechanism underlying asthma prevention via gut microbiome modulation. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of Lactobacillus against asthma and explore the mechanisms involved to better understand the immunomodulatory and preventive effects of probiotic in allergies. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of different Lactobacillus species on modulation of gut microbiota for asthma
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