Lactobacillus Probiotics and their Impact on Periodontal Diseases

Abstract

The alteration of the eubiosis of the oral microenvironment, together with other risk factors, promotes the development of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in the oral cavity, gingivitis, and periodontitis; they are characterized by the destruction of the gingiva and underlying tissues that support and house the teeth. Because of this, a patient without timely and adequate treatment can lose teeth. The elimination of supragingival plaque, scaling, and root planing, combined with antibiotics in some cases are the treatments for these diseases and are focused on controlling the growth of microorganisms considered pathogenic periodontal. This study reviews the literature on the use and effect of probiotics as a treatment alternative for periodontal diseases in various types of trials. In recent decades, bacterial resistance has increased over the years and has motivated the search for alternative methods such as probiotics, among which are bacterial species of the genus Lactobacillus. They have even been shown to be effective in periodontal diseases by controlling the growth of etiological agents and reducing the inflammation of the tissues affected by periodontal diseases.