Lactic Acid Bacteria May Impact Intestinal Barrier Function by Modulating Goblet Cells.

Chengcheng Ren,Susana Figueroa Lozano,Paul De Vos,Hao Zhang,Marijke M Faas,Bart J De Haan,Qiuxiang Zhang,Jelleke Dokter‐Fokkens

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201700572

Chengcheng Ren, Susana Figueroa Lozano + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201700572

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Abstract

ScopeLactic acid bacteria (LAB) are recognized to promote gastrointestinal health by mechanisms that are not fully understood. LABs might modulate the mucus and thereby enhance intestinal barrier function. Herein, we investigate effects of different LAB strains and species on goblet cell genes involved in mucus synthesis.Methods and resultsGene expression profiles of goblet‐cell‐associated products (mucin MUC2, trefoil factor 3, resistin‐like molecule β, carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5, and galactose‐3‐O‐sulfotransferase 2) induced by LAB or their derived conditioned medium in human goblet cell line LS174T are studied. Effects of LAB on gene transcription are assessed with or without exposure to TNF‐α, IL‐13, or the mucus damaging agent tunicamycin. LAB do impact the related genes in a species‐ and strain‐specific fashion and their effects are different in the presence of the cytokines and tunicamycin. Bioactive factors secreted by some strains are also found to regulate goblet cell‐related genes.ConclusionOur findings provide novel insights in differences in modulatory efficacy on mucus genes between LAB species and strains. This study further unravels direct interactions between LAB and intestinal goblet cells, and highlights the importance of rationally selecting appropriate LAB candidates to achieve specific benefits in the gut.

Highlights

To investigate whether Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can modulate goblet cell function and whether their effects are dependent on stimulation time periods, mRNA expression levels of mucus synthesis related genes (MUC2, trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), RETNLB, carbohydrate sulfotransferase 5 (CHST5), and Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2 (GAL3ST2)) in LAB-treated LS174T cells were analyzed
To determine the time-dependent kinetics of goblet cell modulation, three out of the 15 LAB strains from different species (L. plantarum, L. fermentum, and Streptococcus (S.) thermophilus) which were shown to activate Toll-like receptor (TLR)-signaling pathway and possibly modulate barrier function[26] were first selected to treat LS174T cells
MUC2, TFF3, RETNLB, CHST5, and GAL3ST2 expression was studied after LAB stimulation for 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h

Summary

Introduction

We investigate effects of different LAB strains and species on goblet cell genes involved in mucus synthesis. Products (mucin MUC2, trefoil factor 3, resistin-like molecule β, carbohydrate In the small intestine, the mucus is a sulfotransferase 5, and galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2) induced by LAB or their derived conditioned medium in human goblet cell line LS174T are studied. LAB do impact the related genes in a species- and strain-specific fashion and their single loose layer but in the colon it is organized in a more complex fashion.[1,3] It was recently shown that the colonic mucus layer in rodents is dependent on the luminal content and is different in the distal and proximal colon.[3] In the effects are different in the presence of the cytokines and tunicamycin. Mucus mixed with microbes attaching to epithelial cells unravels direct interactions between LAB and intestinal goblet cells, and were observed in the proximal colon.[3]

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